摘要
为了探讨道路线形变化对侧碰、刮擦等侧向安全事故的影响,以三维空间线形的曲率和挠率作为公路线形几何特征描述参数,以车道偏移量作为侧向行车安全的表征指标,剖析了线形在空间层面发生的几何突变对车道偏离的影响。在山区高速公路开展实车试验,采用侧向行车视频记录连续的车道偏移,进行图像距离与实际距离的标定,并通过图像识别技术自动读取连续的车道偏移曲线,从中获取最大车道偏移作为分析变量。采用单因素方差分析方法,对新手驾驶人和熟练驾驶人在线形空间几何特征不同的曲线路段所表现的最大车道偏移结果展开统计分析和检验。分析结果表明:当空间曲率突变超过一定的临界值时,空间曲率突变与最大车道偏移显著正相关;挠率突变对车道偏移产生的影响主要取决于线形扭转的方向,当线形扭转方向与路拱横坡反向时,会明显加剧最大车道偏移;而线形扭转方向与路拱横坡同向时,会降低最大车道偏移但降低效果不明显;熟练驾驶人的最大车道偏移小于新手驾驶人,这种现象在空间曲率突变较大和挠率突变不利的路段尤为明显。研究结论可为公路线形安全性评价、线形设计优化和路侧安全改善提供参考。
The objective of this paper is to explore the fundamental relationship between road alignment factors and lateral safety accidents,such as side collision and scratch.Curvature and deflection were taken as three-dimensional geometric characteristics of highway alignment,and lane departure was used as an indicator of lateral driving safety.Then,the effects of geometric mutation of alignment on lane departure were investigated.A naturalistic driving test was carried out on a mountain highway,and continuous lane departure was recorded by a lateral driving video.After the calibration of image distance and actual distance,the continuous lane departure curve was automatically read out by image recognition technology.The maximum lane departure was obtained as an analytical variable.Using the one-way analysis of variance method,the statistical results on the maximum lane departure of novice and experienced drivers on curved sections with different geometric characteristics were obtained.The results show that the mutation of spatial curvature is positively correlated with the maximum lane departure when the mutation of the spatial curvature exceeds a certain critical value.The influence of the mutation of deflection on lane departure is mainly dependent on the direction of alignment torsion.If the direction of alignment torsion is opposite the direction of road camber,then the maximum lane departure would obviously increase.If the alignment torsion direction fits the direction of road camber,then the maximum lane departure would decrease but not obviously.The maximum lane departure of experienced drivers is lower than that of novice drivers.This phenomenon is especially obvious in the sections where the mutation of spatial curvature is large and the mutation of deflection is a disadvantage.These results provide a reference for engineers in optimizing the design of alignment and improve lateral driving safety.
作者
符锌砂
何石坚
杜锦涛
葛婷
FU Xin-sha;HE Shi-jian;DU Jin-tao;GE Ting(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;School of Civil Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215011,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国公路学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期106-114,共9页
China Journal of Highway and Transport
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51778242,51978283)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51808370).
关键词
道路工程
车道偏移
单因素方差分析
公路空间线形
几何突变
road engineering
lane departure
analysis of variance
spatial alignment of highway
geometric mutation
