摘要
我国的支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)哮喘患病率为4.2%,与全球其他国家相近,但我国哮喘的死亡率高达36.7/10万,为日本的4倍,美国的7倍。因此,我国需加强对哮喘进行有效管理、实现高效控制以及最大限度降低相关死亡风险。在哮喘管理中,筛查和症状控制评估是关键环节。简易筛查问卷主要用于基层医疗,以迅速识别需要深入评估的哮喘患者。数值型哮喘控制问卷,如哮喘控制测试(Asthma Control Test,ACT)和哮喘控制问卷(Asthma Control Questionnaire,ACQ),则是临床及临床研究中最为广泛使用的评估工具。分类型症状哮喘控制问卷则广泛应用于临床研究。如APGAR(活动、持续性、触发因素、哮喘药物、治疗反应)哮喘问卷不仅有助于评估哮喘,还能提高患者对治疗的依从性,从而提升哮喘控制率。目前,一些哮喘问卷在中国临床应用受限,尤其是在考虑社会文化背景、特殊年龄群体和异质性表型的方面存在一定局限性。哮喘问卷设计未来可以朝着更个体化、针对不同年龄和临床表型的方向发展,整合生物标志物和智能技术,以提高对哮喘患者的准确评估和精准管理。
The prevalence of bronchial asthma in China is 4.2%,similar to other countries around the world,but the mortality rate of asthma in China is 36.7/100000,which is four times as high as that of Japan and seven times as that of the United States.Therefore,It is urgent for China to strengthen the effectiveness of asthma management and minimize the risk of related deaths.Pivotal aspects of asthma management involve screening and assessing symptom control.Simple screening tools expedite rapid identification of patients who require more detailed assessment in primary medical care.Numerical tools like ACT and ACQ are widely used in clinical practice and clinical research.Categorical symptom control tools are extensively used in clinical studies.For example,asthma APGAR(Activities,Persistence,Triggers,Asthma medications,Response to therapy)questionnaire not only assists in assessing asthma,but also in enhancing treatment ad-herence,improving asthma control.Currently,some asthma questionnaires face limitations in their application in China,particularly concerning sociocultural factors,specific age groups,and heterogeneous phenotypes.More attention should be paid to individualized factors(age diverse,clinical phenotypes),and use of biomarkers and intelligent technologies in questionnaire design for enhancing management of asthma.
作者
包婺平
林燕美
张旻
BAO Wuping;LIN Yanmei;ZHANG Min(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200080,China)
出处
《诊断学理论与实践》
2023年第6期534-540,共7页
Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82270027)
上海市2020年度“科技创新行动计划”医学创新研究专项项目(20Y11902400,22ZR1449600)
上海市第一人民医院院级临床研究创新团队项目(CTCCR-2019B02,CTCCR-2021B07)
2022年“中西医结合研究平台”建设项目(2022zxy006)
关键词
哮喘
哮喘管理
控制问卷
患病率
咳嗽变异型咳嗽
Asthma
Asthma management
Control questionnaires
Prevalence
Cough variant asthma
