摘要
目的分析北京市西罗园社区60岁及以上老年居民卒中危险因素的分布情况。方法选取2020年1—12月参加北京市丰台区西罗园社区卫生服务中心体检的3814名老年居民作为研究对象,共发放3814份调查问卷,收回有效问卷3598份。采用自行设计的卒中危险因素调查问卷收集患者的一般资料,筛查“8+2”项卒中危险因素并对人群做出危险分层,分析各危险因素的暴露情况。结果北京市西罗园社区3598名老年人卒中相关危险因素按照暴露率由高到低依次为高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、缺乏运动、肥胖、吸烟、既往卒中史、卒中家族史、心房颤动或瓣膜性心脏病、既往短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)病史,暴露率分别为70.90%、51.61%、37.24%、20.96%、18.29%、16.37%、13.65%、6.53%、1.36%、0.28%。不同性别社区老年人比较,男性老年人吸烟和既往卒中史的暴露率高于女性老年人,缺乏运动和高脂血症的暴露率均低于女性老年人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按照性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度分组,不同组别人群卒中危险分层检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。卒中高危人群的空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(hemoglobin A_(1c),HbA_(1c))、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、血尿酸(serum uric acid,UA)及同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平与非高危人群比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京西罗园社区有近半数老年人为卒中发病的高危人群,应加强社区老年人血压、血糖、血脂、体质量及生活方式管理,对不同年龄、性别人群开展针对性健康教育。
Objective To analyze the distribution of stroke risk factors among elderly residents>60 years of age in Xiluoyuan community in Beijing.Methods This study selected 3814 elderly residents who underwent physical examinations at the Xiluoyuan Community Health Service Center in Fengtai District of Beijing from January to December 2020.A total of 3814 questionnaires were distributed and 3598 valid questionnaires were returned.The self-designed"Stroke Risk Factors Survey Questionnaire"was used to collect general data from patients.According to the"8+2"stroke risk factor items,the population was risk-stratified,and the exposure to each risk factor was analyzed.Results Among 3598 elderly residents in Xiluoyuan Community in Beijing,the risk factors related to brain stroke from high-to-low were hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,lack of exercise,obesity,smoking,a previous history of stroke,a family history of stroke,atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease,and a previous history of a TIA,exposure rates were 70.90%,51.61%,37.24%,20.96%,18.29%,16.37%,13.65%,6.53%,1.36%,and 0.28%,respectively.Compared with the community elderly of different genders,the exposure rates of male elderly to smoking and previous stroke history were higher than these of female elderly,and the exposure rates of inactivity and hyperlipidemia were lower than female elderly(P<0.05).According to gender,age,marital status,educational level,the stroke risk stratification detection rate in different groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),hemoglobin A_(1c)(HbA_(1c)),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein-cholestero(LDL-C),triglyceride(TG),serum uric acid(UA),and homocysteine(Hcy)were significantly different from the non-high-risk groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Nearly one-half of the elderly in Xiluoyuan community of Beijing are at high risk of stroke.It is necessary to strengthen the management of blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid levels,weight,and lifestyle of the elderly in the community,and carry out targeted health education for people of different ages and genders.
作者
黄莹
刘丹
徐洪伟
贾楠
邢梅
宋小静
姚胜男
HUANG Ying;LIU Dan;XU Hongwei;JIA Nan;XING Mei;SONG Xiaojing;YAO Shengnan(General Practice,Xiluoyuan Community Health Service Center of Beijing Fengtai District,Beijing 100077,China)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2023年第1期22-26,共5页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
