摘要
目的分析2015—2019年北京市朝阳区高中及以下学校结核病流行特征,为防治学校结核病疫情提供依据。方法从《中国结核病管理信息系统》、北京市朝阳区疾控中心结防科学校结核病数据库收集北京市朝阳区全人群和高中及以下学校肺结核病例数据,对学校肺结核发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果北京市朝阳区2015—2019年累计报告高中及以下学生肺结核134例,年均报告发病率为10.18/10万(134/1316145),5年间报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ趋势2=5.29,P<0.05),2015—2018年呈逐年下降趋势,2019年又有回升,但均低于每年全人群肺结核报告发病率(χ^(2)=201.85,P<0.01)。学生患者男女比例1.27∶1(75/59);报告学生病例主要集中在14~19岁年龄组,构成比77.61%(104/134);发病高峰在每年的2~4月份;初中及高中阶段的学生患者报告发病率分别为14.09/10万(26/184472)和105.21/10万(92/87446),高于其他学段学生(χ^(2)=855.18,P<0.01)。教职员工累计发病89例,男女比例0.35∶1(23/66);其中职业为教师的病例占69.67%(62/89),其他教辅人员占30.33%(27/89)。教师病例中以幼儿园教师构成比最高,为70.97%(44/62),高于其他学段教师。结论2015—2019年北京市朝阳区高中及以下学校肺结核发病处于较低水平,但仍应加强健康教育,尤其是对初、高中阶段的学生,避免散发病例发现不及时造成校园内传播。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis cases in high schools and below in Chaoyang district of Beijing from 2015 to 2019 in order to improve the tuberculosis control management.Methods Data on tuberculosis cases of the whole population and high school and below schools in Chaoyang district of Beijing were collected from the"Tuberculosis Information Management System"and the tuberculosis database of Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention School,and a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the incidence of tuberculosis in schools was conducted.Results From 2015 to 2019,a total of 134 tuberculosis cases of students in high schools and below were reported in Chaoyang district of Beijing,and the annual reported incidence was 10.18/100000(134/1316145).There was statistically difference in the incidence rate among 5 years(χtrend2=5.29,P<0.05).There was a downward trend from 2015 to 2018,and a rebound in 2019,but both were lower than the reported incidence of tuberculosis in the whole population each year(χ^(2)=201.85,P<0.01).The male-to-female ratio of the student cases was 1.27∶1(75/59).Students aged 14-19 years accounted for 77.61%(104/134)of the total number of reported students,and the incidence peak was in February to April.The incidence rates in middle school and high school were respectively 14.09/100000(26/184472)and 105.21/100000(92/87446),which were higher than those of other students(χ^(2)=855.18,P<0.01).The total number of faculty and staff was 89 cases,and the male-to-female ratio was 0.35∶1(23/66);among them,teachers accounted for 69.67%(62/89),and other teaching assistants accounted for 30.33%(27/89).Among the teacher cases,kindergarten teachers constituted the highest proportion,which was 70.97%(44/62)and higher than other school teachers.Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in high schools and below is at a low level in Chaoyang district of Beijing.However,health education should be strengthened,especially for junior and senior high school students,to avoid sporadic cases that are not detected in time and cause spread on campus.
作者
张秀芝
高丽
李振英
梁瑞英
徐伟
魏云芳
ZHANG Xiu-zhi;GAO Li;LI Zhen-ying;LIANG Rui-ying;XU Wei;WEI Yun-fang(Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2021年第3期335-338,共4页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
关键词
结核
学校
流行病学特征
Tuberculosis
Schools
Epidemiological characteristics
