摘要
在生物多样性涵养、水质净化等方面,小微湿地具有比同面积湿地更全面有效的生态功能.为了解小微湿地浮游生物群落结构并进行水质状况评价,于2022年6月对南充10个水体进行检测分析,计算浮游生物多样性和水质标识指数以评价水质,利用统计方法研究环境因子与浮游生物群落结构的关系.结果显示采样水体共有浮游植物7门93种,丰度范围为6.42×10^(6)-60.30×10^(6)cells/L,以蓝藻、绿藻为主,浮游动物2门48种,丰度范围为88-1281 cells/L,轮虫物种数占据优势.浮游植物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.37-2.76,Pielou均匀度指数为0.53-0.78,Margalef丰富度指数为1.35-3.91,浮游动物各指数分别为1.63-2.28、0.77-0.93、1.94-3.03.多样性指数和综合水质标识指数综合表明景观水体水质最好,小型永久性淡水湖最差.采用单因子水质标识指数法识别出小微湿地主要污染因子为化学需氧量和总磷.通过典范对应分析(CCA)发现,总磷、总氮、浊度、透明度、氨氮和水温是影响浮游植物群落结构主要环境因子,总磷、透明度、氨氮、水温和总氮是影响浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子,结果可为小微湿地的保护修复提供参考依据.本研究表明小微湿地水体含磷化合物浓度较高,水生生物绿藻和蓝藻大量繁殖,城市化在一定程度上能增强对小微湿地的保护管理以调节水质、控制营养成分从而调控浮游生物群落结构.
In terms of biodiversity conservation and water purification,small wetlands and microwetlands have more comprehensive and effective ecological functions than normal wetlands in the same area.To understand the structure of the plankton community and evaluate the water quality in small and micro wetlands,10 different types of water bodies in Nanchong City of China were investigated in June 2022.The water bodies included landscape water,freshwater farms,and small permanent freshwater lakes located in different locations away from the city.Surface and bottom water samples were collected from each water body for plankton and water quality identification.Plankton diversity and water quality index were calculated,and the relationship between environmental factors and plankton community structure was examined.The results showed that there were 93 species of phytoplankton in seven phyla,with abundances ranging from 6.42×10^(6)cells/L to 60.30×10^(6)cells/L,among which Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta were the dominant species.There were 48 species of zooplankton in the two phyla,with abundances ranging from 88 cells/L to 1281 cells/L,and rotifer species were dominant.The Shannon–Wiener index of phytoplankton ranged from 1.37 to 2.76,the Pielou index ranged from 0.53 to 0.78,and the Margalef index ranged from 1.35 to 3.91.The corresponding zooplankton were 1.63–2.28,0.77–0.93,and 1.94–3.03,respectively.According to the diversity and water quality identification indices,landscape water quality was the best,whereas the quality of small permanent freshwater lakes was the worst.Chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus were identified as the main pollution factors in small and micro wetlands.Canonical correspondence analysis of the phytoplankton community structure was primarily affected by total phosphorus,total nitrogen,turbidity,transparency,ammonia nitrogen,and water temperature,whereas the zooplankton community structure was primarily affected by total phosphorus,transparency,ammonia nitrogen,water temperature,and total nitrogen.This study provides a reference for the conservation and restoration of small and micro wetlands.The concentration of phosphorus compounds in the water of small and micro wetlands around cities is extremely high,leading to the blooming of cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta in the wetlands.To a certain extent,urbanization can enhance the protection and management of small and micro wetlands to regulate water quality and nutrient composition and thus regulate plankton community structure.
作者
刘鹏
何奕忻
仲波
张运春
陈槐
吴宁
LIU Peng;HE Yixin;ZHONG Bo;ZHANG Yunchun;CHEN Huai;WU Ning(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China;Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1346-1355,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFS0286)资助
关键词
浮游生物
环境因子
多样性
典范对应分析
综合水质评价
水质标识指数
plankton
environmental factor
diversity
canonical correspondence analysis
comprehensive water quality evaluation
water quality labelling index
