摘要
现代汉语助动词根据情态特征,可将其分为:动力情态类、道义情态类、认知情态类,说话人在表达各种不同情态时,"助动词+动词"的句法功能也会有所不同。"单/多义助动词+动词"的结构关系,通常情况下可以通过助动词的情态性质以及对助动词用"X不X"提问式来鉴定。现代汉语"X于/以"类单词,大多数还处在粘宾动词的阶段,其副词化历程正处在起步阶段,大部分还没有完成,说明从述宾到状中的演化是个连续统。
According to the categories of modality,modern Chinese auxiliary verbs are divided into dynamic modality,deontic modality complex and epistemic modality.When the speaker expresses a variety of different modalities,the syntactic function of auxiliary verb+verb constructions will be different.The structural relationship of univocal or polysemous auxiliary verb+verb constructions can be identified through the modal nature of auxiliary verbs and the types of X-bu-X-questions associated with auxiliary verbs.In modern Chinese,most of the words of the form X yu/yi still can only co-occur with an object.The process of adverbialization is in the beginning stage,and has not yet been completed,which shows that the evolution from predicates to objects forms a continuum.
出处
《语言研究集刊》
2020年第2期1-19,434,共20页
Bulletin of Linguistic Studies
基金
国家社科基金(项目编号15BYY131)“程度副词的生成、演化及其当代功能扩展的新趋势研究”
教育部规划基金项目(项目编号13YJA740079)“介词演化的规律、机制及其句法后果研究”
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(2012BYY002)“当代汉语流行构式研究”的阶段性成果
关键词
述宾
状中
情态特征
句法功能
predicate and object
adverbial and predicate
modality function
syntax function
