摘要
清末世纪之交,在读书人中间,分化出一批激进的革命者。他们的出现,有两方面的因素,其一,科举制度废除前后,从帝国秩序里面游离出边缘的知识人,自立军起义失败、庚子赔款的刺激和学潮的出现,让他们从变法走向了革命,其二,这些边缘知识人抛弃了儒家的意识形态,思想深处的虚无主义、破坏主义,与无政府主义的激进乌托邦与反满的族群意识结合,再加上唯意志论的催化,形成了视死如归的志士精神,从而掀起了20世纪第一波革命的狂澜。
At the turn of the century in late Qing,a group of radical revolutionaries gradually emerged from the traditional scholars.There were two reasons for their appearance.First,before and after the abolition of the Imperial Examination system,due to the failure of the uprising of the Self-supporting Army,the stimulation of the Boxer Indemnity,and a succession of students’movements in Late Qing,the marginal intellectuals eventually segregated from the imperial institutions and then changed their status from reformists to revolutionaries.Second,these marginal intellectuals abandoned the ideology of Confucianism and converted to integrate nihilism,destructionism,radical utopianism from anarchism,and the consciousness of anti-Manchu nationality in mind.Catalyzed by voluntarism,this kind of integration of thoughts produced the chivalrous spirit and then started the first wave of revolution of the 20th century.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第5期202-216,共15页
Academic Monthly
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“近代中国知识分子精神史研究”(17BZS018)的阶段性成果
关键词
晚清革命
边缘知识人
虚无主义
志士精神
Late Qing revolutions
marginal intellectuals
nihilism
chivalrous spirit
