摘要
我国农村最低生活保障制度自2007年建立以来,明显改善了很多农村贫困群体的生活状况,发挥出社会保障的收入再分配作用。文本基于2007-2018年国家统计局的宏观数据,通过测算基尼系数,研究农村低保对收入分配差距的影响程度和变动趋势,结果表明,近年来我国农村低保对收入分配差距的调节效果一直维持在4%左右,并基本保持稳定。总体来看,农村最低生活保障制度缩小了农村居民收入差距,存在一定的正向调节效果,但与国际平均水平相比调节作用较小,调节效果不显著。研究发现,主要制约因素包括低保救助水平较低,财政性支出较少以及地区间经济发展不平衡程度高,等等。需要针对这些因素进行改善,增强农村最低生活保障制度对收入分配差距的调节效果。
Since its implementation in 2007,the minimum living security system has significantly improved the living standards of a large number of poor groups in rural areas,and has played an important role in ensuring social harmony in rural areas by rationally carrying out income redistribution and integrating urban and rural development.Although domestic scholars have paid much attention to the problem of large income gap in the whole country and between urban and rural areas,there are few researches on the effect of adjusting rural income gap based on the rural minimum living security system.This paper,based on the macro data of the National Bureau of Statistics from 2007 to 2018,combines mechanism analysis with empirical calculation,and uses income distribution indexes including Gini coefficient and their index to make calculation and study the difference degrees and changing trends of rural income distribution in recent years.Our research shows that the rural minimum living security system has narrowed the income gap of rural residents and has positive adjustment effect,but the overall adjustment effect is still small and the adjustment effect is not significant.In order to enhance the positive adjustment effect of the rural minimum living security system on the rural income gap,it is necessary not only to moderately improve the level of subsistence allowances assistance and standardize the relevant management mechanism of subsistence allowances,but also to increase the channels and quantity of rural subsistence allowances financing and actively develop the rural economy to promote employment.
作者
蒲晓红
徐咪
PU Xiao-hong;XU Mi(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610065)
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期130-144,2,共16页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“我国社会保障调节农村收入分配差距效果测评及其政策优化研究”(17ASH009)的阶段性成果
关键词
农村最低生活保障制度
农村收入分配差距
调节效果
Rural Minimum Living Security System
Rural Income Distribution Gap
Regulation Effect
