摘要
本研究以混播牧草获得混播优势和优化地上种间竞争格局为目的,以箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)和燕麦(Avena sativa)2种牧草为研究材料,在新疆昭苏县新疆生产建设兵团77团自然环境条件下进行盆栽混播试验,将不同土壤供磷水平(低磷/中磷/高磷)和不同混播方式(同行/异行/异行阻隔)作为竞争环境的变化因素,利用根际土壤磷的富集率、土壤磷酸酶活性、植株含磷量和磷利用效率等指标,分析混播体系中牧草的磷养分利用优势,明确混播方式和土壤供磷水平对混播体系磷养分竞争和牧草混播优势的影响。结果表明,高磷异行混播处理下,箭筈豌豆+燕麦混播群体的牧草产量、土地当量比和植株含磷量均处于较高水平,而根际土壤磷养分活化能力处于较低水平,土壤施用磷肥可以改善混播群体磷养分竞争格局,而异行混播可通过提高土壤磷酸酶活性,降低土壤pH值,增加根际土壤富集磷的能力,从而获得混播优势。中磷同行混播处理的根际全磷富集率最高,低磷同行混播处理的根际速效磷富集率最高,中磷同行混播处理的磷利用效率最高。低磷和中磷处理下箭筈豌豆+燕麦同行混播时的根际活化效率得到提高。土壤根际与非根际速效磷均显著影响富集率和植株含磷量,植株磷含量与牧草产量和土地当量比有密切联系。箭筈豌豆+燕麦混播草地可以通过优化群体结构、增加土壤磷养分供给实现较高的生产性能。
The purpose of this study is to obtain the advantage of mixed sowing patterns and to optimize the pattern of interspecific competition on the ground.We used the phosphorus enrichment rate of rhizosphere soil,rhizosphere soil phosphatase activity,phosphorus use efficiency and phosphorus content of mixed forages etc.to analyze and compare the phosphorus use advantages of Avena sativa+Vicia sativa mixed pastures through pot experiments under natural environmental conditions in the 77 the Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Regimental Farm of XPCC in Zhaosu basin,Xinjiang,China.Different soil phosphorus supply levels(low phosphorus/medium phosphorus/high phosphorus)and different mixed patterns(mixed cropping/intercropping/intercropping+root barrier)were used as factors in the competitive environment.The effects of mixed patterns and soil phosphorus supply levels on phosphorus use competition and forage yield advantages of mixed systems were determined.The results showed that:under the treatment of high phosphorus,the forage yield,land equivalent ratio and phosphorus content of Avena sativa+Vicia sativa mixed pastures were at a high level,while phosphorus nutrient activation capacity of rhizosphere soil was at a low level.Application of phosphorus fertilizer in soil could improve the phosphorus nutrient competition pattern of mixed planting population,while heterogenous mixed planting could improve soil phosphatase activity,reduce soil pH value and increase the ability of phosphorus enrichment in rhizosphere soil,thus obtaining the advantage of mixed planting.The total phosphorus enrichment rate of rhizosphere was the highest in the middle phosphorus treatment,and the highest phosphorus enrichment rate was found in the low phosphorus treatment.The phosphorus utilization efficiency of the middle phosphorus treatment was the highest.The efficiency of rhizosphere activation during the mixing of Avena sativa+Vicia sativa planted in the same row was improved under the low phosphorus and medium phosphorus treatment.Both soil rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere available phosphorus significantly affected the enrichment rate and plant phosphorus content.Plant phosphorus content was closely related to forage yield and land equivalent ratio.Therefore,Avena sativa+Vicia sativa mixed grass could achieve higher production performance by optimizing the community structure and increasing the supply of soil phosphorus nutrients.
作者
娜尔克孜
于辉
朱亚琼
郑伟
黎松松
刘岳含
艾丽菲热
郝帅
Naerkezi;YU Hui;ZHU Ya-qiong;ZHENG Wei;LI Song-song;LIU Yue-han;Ailifeire;HAO Shuai(College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
2019年第3期161-169,共9页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2017D01A32).
关键词
供磷水平
混播方式
磷利用效率
根际磷富集率
混播优势
soil phosphorus level
mixed sowing patterns
phosphorus use efficiency
phosphorus enrichment ratios of rhizosphere
mixed sowing pattern advantages
