曲靖市四至六年级小学生心理健康状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of primary school students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City

导出

摘要目的了解曲靖市四至六年级小学生心理健康状况,为高年级小学生实施心理健康教育提供理论依据。方法使用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)和儿童抑郁量表(CDI),通过分层随机整群抽样法,于2022年10—12月对曲靖市6个区县的9所学校的1251名四至六年级小学生进行调查。结果曲靖市小学生心理健康严重问题检出率为7.7%,学习焦虑检出率最高,为55.6%。心理健康状况在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(F=7.722,P<0.001)。心理健康状况在年级之间差异有统计学意义(F=25.001,P<0.001),年级越高心理健康状况越差[四年级(33.91±17.16)分,五年级(39.63±17.6)分,六年级(42.33±18.48)分]。心理健康状况在生源地之间的差异有统计学意义(F=9.197,P<0.05),城镇生源比农村生源心理健康状况更差[城镇(19.30±0.98)分,农村(17.45±0.60)分]。心理健康状况在父亲学历和母亲学历上的差异有统计学意义(F=5.257,F=6.274,P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示,小学生心理健康影响因素有性别(P<0.01,95%CI:0.921~4.152)、年级(P<0.05,95%CI:0.445~3.709)、生源地(P<0.001,95%CI:1.774~6.122)、CDI总分(P<0.05,95%CI:1.493~1.716)。结论曲靖市四至六年级学生心理健康总体状况较好,性别、年级、生源和CDI总分是影响该地小学生心理健康的因素。 Objective To investigate the mental health status of primary school students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City aiming to provide theoretical evidence for the implementation of mental health education for senior primary school students.Methods Total 1251 primary school students in grades 4 to 6 of 9 schools in 6 districts and counties of Qujing City were surveyed by using the Mental Health Diagnostic Test(MHT)and the Child Depression Inventory(CDI)from October to December 2022.Results The detection rate of serious mental health problems among primary school students in Qujing City was 7.7%,and the detection rate of learning anxiety was the highest,accounting for 55.6%.There were statistically significant differences in mental health among different age groups(F=7.722,P<0.001).There was a statistically significant difference in mental health among grades(F=25.001,P<0.001),and the higher the grade,the worse the mental health status[(33.91±17.16)in the fourth grade,(39.63±17.6)in the fifth grade,and(42.33±18.48)in the sixth grade].There was a statistically significant difference in mental health status among students(F=9.197,P<0.05),and the mental health status of urban students was worse than that of rural students[urban students(19.30±0.98)points,rural students(17.45±0.60)points].There were statistically significant differences in mental health status between paternal education and maternal education(F=5.257,F=6.274,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of primary school students’mental health were gender(P<0.01,95%CI:0.921-4.152),grade(P<0.05,95%CI:0.445-3.709),place of origin(P<0.001,95%CI:1.774-6.122),CDI total score(P<0.05,95%CI:1.493-1.716).Conclusion The overall mental health status of students in grades 4 to 6 in Qujing City is relatively good,and gender,grade,student origin,and CDI total score are the factors affecting the mental health of primary school students in the area.

作者张顺军冉飞熊亚兵周雅竹吴文巧岳鑫尉晏瑞琴陈欣杨淑娟 ZHANG Shunjun;RAN Fei;XIONG Yabing;ZHOU Yazhu;WU Wenqiao;YUE Xinwe;YAN Ruiqin;CHEN Xin;YANG Shujuan(College of Physical Education,Yunnan Normal University,Chenggong 650500,Yunnan,China;College of Physical Education,Qujing Normal University,Qujing 655011,Yunnan,China;College of Fine Arts,Yunnan Normal University,Chenggong 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Normal University,Chenggong 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区云南师范大学体育学院曲靖师范学院体育学院云南师范大学美术学院云南师范大学万名校长项目办

出处《中国校医》 2024年第3期161-164,167,共5页 Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基金云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0583)

关键词小学生心理健康抑郁症 Primary school student Mental health Depression

分类号 R193 [医药卫生—卫生事业管理]