摘要
目的了解广州市小学六年级外来务工人员子女青春期健康知识、心理及需求的现状,为提高广州市青春期健康教育水平提供依据。方法2020年12月底,采用整群随机抽样方法,在广州市11个区里随机抽取一个行政区,在该行政区内随机选取一所以招收外来务工人员子女为主的民办学校,对该校六年级全部202名学生的青春期健康相关知识、心理及需求等进行问卷调查。用百分率和构成比来进行统计描述,组间比较使用卡方检验进行统计分析。结果该校六年级女生中已有月经初潮的占51.0%;男生出现遗精的占17.6%。学生青春期健康相关知识知晓率总体为24.3%,其中男生为15.7%,女生为33.0%,其性别差异有统计学意义。青春期身体变化、青春期少女怀孕问题上,女生回答正确率高于男生,差异有统计学意义。在青春期心理方面,面对身体变化的感受、与异性交往的感觉,男女生差异有统计学意义。学生获取青春期健康相关知识主要为广播、电视、电影、网络等(54.0%)和学校开设的课程(50.0%);希望开展青春期健康知识教育的方式主要为听讲座(75.7%)和教材讲解(51.5%);想了解的青春期健康知识主要是青春期生理变化(79.2%)和青春期心理(72.8%)。结论该校外来务工人员子女的青春期健康相关知识知晓率普遍较低,女生较男生略高,应有针对性地对外来务工人员子女开展青春期健康教育。
Objective To investigate the current status of adolescent health knowledge,psychology and needs of children of migrant workers in the sixth grade of primary schools in Guangzhou City,so as to provide evidence for improving the level of adolescent health education.Methods At the end of December 2020,a random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select one administrative district in 11 districts of Guangzhou City,and a private school mainly recruiting children of migrant workers was randomly selected in the administrative district,and a questionnaire survey was conducted on the knowledge,psychology,and needs of all 202 students in the sixth grade of the school.Percentages and composition ratios were used for statistical description,and the Chi⁃square test was used for statistical analysis between⁃group compari⁃sons.Results Among the sixth⁃grade girls in the school,51.0%had menarche.Sperm loss occurred in 17.6%of boys.The overall awareness rate of adolescent health⁃related knowledge was 24.3%,of which 15.7%were boys and 33.0%were girls,and the gender difference was statistically significant.In physical changes during puberty and teenage pregnancy during ado⁃lescence,the investigation showed that girls had a higher accuracy rate than boys,and the difference was statistically signifi⁃cant.In the psychological aspect of adolescence,there were statistically significant differences between boys and girls in the face of physical changes and feelings of interaction with the opposite sex.The knowledge related to adolescent health was mainly obtained through radio,television,film,the Internet,etc.(54.0%),and the courses offered by schools(50.0%).The main ways to carry out adolescent health education were listening to lectures(75.7%)and teaching materials(51.5%).The main information about adolescent health was the physiolog⁃ical changes of adolescence(79.2%)and the psychology of adolescence(72.8%).Conclusions The children of migrant workers in this school generally have a low awareness rate of adolescent health⁃related knowledge,and the rate of girls is slightly higher than that of boys.Therefore,targeted adolescent health education should be carried out for the children of migrant workers.
作者
卢婷
黄辉
杨瑞雪
陈建伟
LU Ting;HUANG Hui;YANG Ruxue;CHEN Jianwei(Health Publicity and Education Center of Guangzhou City,Guangzhou 510630,Guangdong,China)
出处
《中国校医》
2023年第5期324-327,331,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2021105)
关键词
六年级学生
青春期
健康教育
健康知识
Sixth⁃grade student
Puberty
Health education
Health knowledge
