摘要
施有机肥对水稻-土壤体系中镉(Cd)含量及其生物有效性的影响仍不明确。研究选取湘东(长沙、株洲)2个高产双季稻生产样区为研究对象,通过大田监测施商品有机肥后,双季稻植株Cd含量和土壤Cd、pH的季节动态变化以及双季稻产量变化,探究施用有机肥对双季稻生态系统Cd含量的影响及其调控因素。结果表明,当年施有机肥分别降低早、晚稻糙米Cd含量25.9%~41.1%、28.7%~55.9%,稻草和稻根Cd含量也分别下降14.1%~71.8%和24.0%~43.8%。双季稻植株体内Cd含量的下降可能主要与水稻生育期土壤有效态Cd含量的下降有关。土壤有效态Cd含量以分蘖盛期(13.0%)和孕穗期(12.4%)的降幅最大。土壤有效态Cd含量与土壤pH之间无明显相关性,施有机肥提升株洲点水稻土pH值0.2~0.4个单位,但降低长沙点水稻土pH值0.1~0.4个单位。此外,施有机肥还分别提高早、晚稻产量3.8%~7.1%和5.7%~10.3%,具有实现高产双季稻田稻米降Cd、稻谷增产的效果。
The effect of organic fertilizer application on cadmium(Cd)content and bioavailability in rice plant-soil systemwas still uncertain.The seasonal dynamics in Cd content of rice plant,soil Cd and pH,and rice grain yield after organic fertilizer application were measured in two high-yield double cropping paddy fields in eastern Hunan Province.Results showed that organic fertilizer application reduced the Cd content ofthe early and late brown rice by 25.9%-41.1%and 28.7%-55.9%,respectively.In addition,the Cd content in rice straw and root was also decreased by14.1%-71.8%and 24.0%-43.8%,respectively.The decrease in the Cd content of rice plant might be mainly related with the decrease in the content of soil available Cd during the rice growth period.The content of soil available Cdwas greatly decreased by 13.0%and 12.4%during the tillering and booting stages,respectively.No correlation was found between soil available Cd content and soil pH.After the application of organic fertilizer,the soil pH valuewas increasedby 0.2-0.4 units at Zhuzhou,but was decreased by 0.1-0.4 units at Changsha.The grain yield of early and late rice was increased by 3.8%-7.1%and 5.7%-10.3%after the application of organic fertilizer,respectively.In conclusion,the application organic fertilizercould reduce Cd content and increase yield in high-yield double cropping paddy fields.
作者
薛毅
盛浩
黄勇
欧阳凯
宋达清
周清
张杨珠
XUE Yi;SHENG Hao;HUANG Yong;OUYANG Kai;SONG Da-qing;ZHOU Qing;ZHANG Yang-zhu(College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Soil and Fertilizer Station of Zhuzhou County,Zhuzhou 412000,China)
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1203-1210,共8页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
湖南省农业委员会项目(农业部农办财函〔2015〕38号)资助
