摘要
中石油抚顺石化公司制氢转化炉的锥形管与下尾管焊缝处发生了断裂,影响了设备的有效运行。为了查明原因,避免失效的再次发生,通过宏观及低倍检验、化学成分分析、金相组织检验、电镜及能谱分析等手段,对失效样品进行了一系列实验室检测分析。结果表明:高温氧化和高温蠕变是造成下尾管处断裂的主要原因。锥形管小头管壁断裂失效过程为:晶界、晶内析出碳化物—晶界氧化、蠕变—晶界开裂—管壁断裂。为了保障转化炉的正常运行,建议对炉管下尾管与锥形管小头焊缝处进行重点的排查,并采用金相和力学检测等手段,对炉管的劣化程度进行评估。同时,严格控制炉管的出口温度和转化气的成分,进而延长炉管的使用寿命。
The welding between the conical tube and the pigtail tube of hydrogen reformer in CNPC Fushun Petrochemical Company had broken,which had affected the effective operation of the equipment.In order to find out the cause and avoid the recurrence of the failure,a series of laboratory tests were carried out on the failed samples by means of macroscopic and low-power test,chemical composition analysis,metallographic examination,electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis.The results showed that high temperature oxidation and high temperature creep were the main reasons.The results showed that the fracture failure process of the tapered tube wall was as follows:carbide precipitates within the grain,boundary oxidation,creep of the grain,boundary cracking and pipe wall fracture.In order to ensure the normal operation of the reformer,it was suggested that the similar weld position should be investigated,and the deterioration degree of the furnace tube should be evaluated by means of metallographic and mechanical testing.At the same time,the outlet temperature of the furnace tube and the composition of the transformed gas should be strictly controlled so as to extend the service life of the furnace tube.
作者
赵玉柱
ZHAO Yu-zhu(PetroChina Fushun Petrochemical Company,Fushun 113001)
出处
《当代化工》
CAS
2020年第11期2579-2583,共5页
Contemporary Chemical Industry
关键词
制氢
转化炉
高温蠕变
高温氧化
Hydrogen production plant
Reformer
High temperature creep
High temperature oxidation
