摘要
全球持续扩张的野生动物消费需求和相关非法贸易是生物多样性保护的重要威胁之一。近期新冠肺炎疫情暴发,野生动物贸易和食用的公共卫生安全风险也引起了社会各界的关注。本文从社会学、心理学、行为科学等多学科的视角分析和理解我国野生动物消费的需求动因,提出科学的行为改变对策。从我国野生动物消费现状来看,功能性、社会性和体验性等非生活必需性需求凸显,并受复杂因素影响。基于对需求动因的理解,运用合适的行为改变框架,以及宣传教育、社会影响、法律规范和行为助推等多种行为改变方法,通过科学系统的阶段和步骤,可有效地影响和改变野生动物消费行为。行为改变对策的实施需在具体情境下加强合作,重视多学科运用、多主体合作和多尺度考虑。
Escalating global demand for wildlife products and consequential illegal wildlife trade has become one of the major threats to biodiversity conservation.In the recent COVID-19 pandemic,growing public health risks of wildlife trade and consumption have triggered widespread public concern.In this review,we adopt a multidisciplinary perspective,including sociology,psychology,behavioral science and other disciplines,to understand the motivations for wildlife consumption in China,and to propose scientifically guided behavioral change countermeasures.The current state of wildlife consumption in China reveals certain functional,social,experiential and other non-essential needs of wildlife as major drivers of consumption,which are affected by a host of complex factors.Based on our understanding of the drivers of demand,we suggest using behavioral change frameworks,and a variety of behavioral change methods,including education,social influence,regulation and nudging,to effectively influence and change wildlife consumption behavior.For effective implementation of behavioral change strategies,collaboration needs to be strengthened,both among and across diverse disciplines,actors and scales of interest.
作者
梁智健
胡佳贝
胡思帆
赵晶晶
周凯文
焦运波
黄程
何霞
温嘉恩
李立姝
华方圆
李添明
Zhijian Liang;Jiabei Hu;Sifan Hu;Jingjing Zhao;Kaiwen Zhou;Yunbo Jiao;Cheng Huang;Xia He;Anita Kar Yan Wan;Lishu Li;Fangyuan Hua;Tien Ming Lee(School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275;State Key Laboratory of Biological Control,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275;School of Law,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275;Wildlife Conservation Society,Beijing 100012;Institute of Ecology,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871;School of Ecology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期606-620,共15页
Biodiversity Science
基金
海外高层人才计划(41180944
41180953)
广东省财政厅局级人才项目(42150016)
中山大学青年教师培育项目(20wkpy08)
欧盟委员会项目(ENV/2018/403-527)
关键词
野生动物非法贸易
需求动因
减少需求
行为改变
多学科合作
illegal wildlife trade
drivers of demand
demand reduction
behavioral change
multidisciplinary collaboration
