摘要
目的分析连云港市海州区高校结核病疫情现状,探讨疫情处置过程中存在的问题,为高校结核病防控工作提供参考依据。方法收集2021年连云港市海州区高校17起肺结核疫情病例就诊情况及诊断结果分类、接触者筛查情况、预防性服药情况等现场调查处置资料。录入Excel 2010建立数据库,采用SPSS 23.0对数据进行统计学分析。结果2021年高校共报告22例结核病病例,年报告发病率为28.75/10万。患者发现方式以因症就诊为主,占54.55%(12/22);诊断结果病原学阴性占68.18%(15/22),病原学阳性占27.27%(6/22),单纯结核性胸膜炎占4.55%(1/22)。就诊延迟率为45.45%,延迟诊断率为31.82%。密切接触者与一般接触者结核菌素的纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)强阳性率分别为13.82%、4.14%,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=37.666,P<0.001。诊断结果PPD筛查强阳性率由高到低依次为单纯结核性胸膜炎、病原学阳性、病原学阴性,分别为18.05%、14.44%、9.1%,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=17.353,P<0.001。学生预防性服药率为96.24%(128/133)。结论海州区高校学生是结核病防控的重点人群,应加强高校师生肺结核有关知识宣传;对密切接触者开展首次筛查及再次筛查工作能够及时发现肺结核患者;严格落实新生入学体检工作;邀请定点医院医生对高校学生开展预防服药动员工作。
Objective To analyze the current situation of tuberculosis epidemic in colleges and universities in Haizhou district,Lianyungang city,discuss the problems existing in the process of epidemic disposal,and provide reference for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in colleges and universities.Methods The on-site investigation and disposal data of 17 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Haizhou district in 2021 were collected,including on-site investigation and treatment,classification of diagnosis results,screening of contacts,and preventive medication.The data were input in Excel 2010 to establish a database,and were statistically analyzed by SPSS 23.0.Results A total of 22 cases of tuberculosis were reported in colleges and universities in 2021,with an annual reported incidence rate of 28.75/100,000;patients were found mainly by medical treatment for symptoms(54.55%,12/22);68.18%(15/22)of the diagnostic results were negative for etiology,27.27%(6/22)were pathogen-positive.Simple tuberculous pleurisy accounted for 4.55%(1/22).The delayed rate of consultation was 45.45%,and the rate of delayed diagnosis was 31.82%;the strong positive rates of purified protein derivative(PPD)in close contacts and general contacts were 13.82%and 4.14%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=37.666,P<0.001);The order of strong positive rate of classified PPD screening from high to low was simple tuberculous pleurisy,etiologically positive,and etiologically negative,which were 18.05%,14.44%,and 9.1%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.353,P<0.001);The preventive medication rate of students was 96.24%(128/133).Conclusions College students in Haizhou district are the key population for tuberculosis prevention and control.The publicity of tuberculosis related knowledge should be strengthened among teachers and students in colleges.The first and second screenings of close contacts can detect tuberculosis patients in time.Freshmen should undergo strict physical examination when entering the university.Doctors from designated hospitals should be invited to schools to carry out preventive medication mobilization for college students.
作者
赵连好
王笑
仲崇桥
ZHAO Lian-hao;WANG Xiao;ZHONG Chong-qiao(Department of Chronic Infectious Diseases,Haizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Lianyungang City,Lianyungang 222000,China;Department of Chronic Infectious Diseases,Lianyungang Disease Control and Prevention Center,Lianyungang 222000,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第23期1306-1309,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
结核病
就诊延迟
诊断延迟
密切接触者
一般接触者
海州区
tuberculosis
delay in seeing a doctor
delay in diagnosis
close contacts
general contacts
Haizhou District
