摘要
目的入托入学儿童预防接种证查验是免疫规划疫苗查漏补种一项重要手段,本研究旨在了解沈阳市入托入学儿童预防接种证查验工作情况,为进一步完善预防接种证查验制度提供科学依据。方法按照《沈阳市入托入学查验预防接种证工作实施方案》要求,收集沈阳市2013-2017年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验工作汇总报表,采用Excel 2010和SPSS 22.0对入托入学接种证查验工作资料进行整理和分析。结果2013-2017年入托入学儿童预防接种证查验率为99.88%、持证率99.33%、补证率98.75%、漏种率0.66%、补种率95.61%。其中城区接种证查验率和补种率分别为99.92%和95.88%,高于农村的99.85%和95.70%,差异有统计学意义,χ~2=54.04,P<0.01;χ~2=9.82,P<0.01。托幼机构的持证率和补种率分别为99.5%和96.88%,高于小学的99.2%和95.26%,差异有统计学意义,χ~2=265.69,P<0.01;χ~2=26.13,P<0.01。漏种率最大的是白破疫苗(15.43%),其次是A+C群流脑疫苗(7.93%)、乙脑减毒活疫苗(2.12%)和甲肝减毒活疫苗(1.64%)。结论沈阳市2013—2017年入托入学预防接种证查验率较高,有部分儿童需要补种疫苗。
OBJECTIVE The admission of child vaccination certificates is an important means of screening for vaccines.This paper aims to understand the inspection vaccination certificate among children entering kindergarten and school in Shenyang,and to explore effective management methods.The scientific basis for further improving the examination system of the vaccination certificate is provided.METHODS According to the requirements of Shenyang Entry Examination and Vaccination Certificate Implementation Plan,the summary report forms of vaccination certificate examination for children admitted to school in Shenyang from 2013 to 2017 were collected,and the data of vaccination certificate examination were sorted out and analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0.RESULTS The check rate of child vaccination certificate was 99.88%,the owning rate of vaccination certificate was 99.33%,the card supplement rate was 98.75%,the unimmunized rate was 0.66%,and the supplementary immunization activities rate was 95.61%.The check rate and the supplementary immunization activities rate of children enrolled in school in the urban area is slightly higher than that of the rural areas(96.68%,95.26%),the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=54.04,9.82,both P<0.01).The certificate holding rate and replenishment rate of nursery institutions were slightly higher than those of primary schools,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=265.69,26.13,both P<0.01).The highest rate of the unimmunized is diphtheria tetanus vaccine followed by A+C group meningococcal vaccine 7.93%),Japanese epidemic attenuated live vaccine(2.12%)and live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine(1.64%).CONCLUSION It is necessary to further carry out health education on immunization planning knowledge among rural children and parents of older children so as to improve the coverage rate and supplementation rate of these children.
作者
高冬梅
朱丽君
贾妮娜
GAO Dong-mei;ZHU Li-jun;JIA Ni-na(Shenyang Health Service and Administrative Law Enforcement Center(Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention),Shenyang 110031,P.R.China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
2019年第19期1174-1176,1180,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
预防接种证
入托入学
疫苗补种
沈阳市
vaccination certificate
admission to kindergarten and paimary school
supplementary immunization activities
Shenyang City
