摘要
三峡水库试验性蓄水以来,水库上游水沙条件进一步发生变化,导致三峡入库水沙过程和组成发生改变,研究三峡水库试验性蓄水以来入库水沙变化对研究库区冲淤特性改变具有重要意义。本文基于实测水沙资料,对三峡水库试验性蓄水以来上游来水来沙变化进行系统分析。结果表明:受上游溪洛渡、向家坝水库相继蓄水运行影响,金沙江干流来沙显著减少,导致三峡入库(朱沱+北碚+武隆)泥沙由2003—2012年年均的2.03亿t减至2013—2020年的0.87亿t;区间支流来沙占比增大,且主要集中在年内几场暴雨洪水输沙过程中。岷沱江、嘉陵江流域成为三峡入库泥沙主要产区,金沙江来沙占寸滩站沙量的比重仅为1.8%。受上游水库拦沙影响,仅粒径很细的冲泻质才能被水流挟带下泄,三峡入库粗颗粒泥沙含量有所减少,2008—2020年寸滩站粗颗粒泥沙含量由1987—2002年、2003—2007年的10.3%、7.1%减少至4.5%。
Based on the measured data,the changes of runoff and sediment in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River since the trial impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)was systematically analyzed.The result shows that since the trial impoundment of the TGR,the inflow of water from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been slightly reduced,and the inflow of sediment has been greatly reduced,especially after the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba hydropower stations successively completed.The inflow of the sediment decreased from the annual of 203 million ton in 2003—2012 to 87 million ton in 2013—2020.At the same time,more sediment were produced and transported into TGR in the flood season,especially during heavy rainstorms.The composition area of the inflow the sediment has also changed significantly.The proportion of sediment from the Jinsha River to Cuntan Station decreased to 1.8%in 2013—2020.In 2008—2020,the coarse-grained sediment content of Cuntan Station decreased to 4.5%,which is 10.3%in 1987—2002 and 7.1%in 2003—2007.
作者
杨成刚
李圣伟
董炳江
YANG Chenggang;LI Shengwei;DONG Bingjiang(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang River Water Resources Commission,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,Hubei,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2022年第S01期38-44,共7页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金长江水科学联合基金项目(U2040218)
中央部门预算项目库区维护和管理基金“三峡工程运行安全综合监测系统”(2136703)
关键词
三峡水库
长江上游
试验性蓄水
水沙变化
水库拦截
Three Gorges Reservoir
upper reaches of the Yangtze River
trial impoundment
changes of the water-sediment characteristics
reservoir interception
