摘要
当前在民办教育的系列分类改革政策与《深改意见》提出的普惠性幼儿园2020年达到占比80%的指标限制下,民办园陷入了选择"转向普惠"还是"坚守营利"的两难困境中。如果选择"转向普惠",民办园在走向"主动升级"的道路上难免遭遇"被动降级"的困阻,表现为低端收费民办园或者上正轨或者走偏路,中端收费民办园或者享双赢或者瞎折腾,高端收费民办园或者避风险或者砍成本。如果选择"坚守营利",民办园在"投靠大树"还是"自力更生"的抉择过程中不得不面临着三重困扰:身份转变、财务清算的累与痛,收费自主、财务自由的危与险,成本增加、利润下滑的让与退。文章认为民办园的困顿源于政府逻辑与市场惯习的南辕北辙,即政府采用拉平化治理逻辑而市场形成竞争性运行惯习,双方缺乏协同意识与机制。基于此,民办园发展的突围之道在于促进"有质普惠"与"良知营利"的携手并进,最终实现以儿童为本、以社会为先的有情怀的民办幼教。
At present, under series of classified reform policies of private education and the restriction of the target of 80% universal, generalized and inclusive kindergartens proposed in the "deep reform opinions", private kindergartens are trapped in a dilemma of "turning to universal, generalized and inclusive" or "sticking to profit-making". If choosing "turning to universal,generalized and inclusive", private kindergartens will inevitably face the obstacle of "passive degradation" on the way to "active upgrading", which manifested as divided in three conditions, namely, low charging private kindergartens can get on the right track or lost on the wrong way, middle charging private kindergartens can enjoy win-win or just toss about, high charging private kindergartens can avoid risks or have to cut costs. If choosing "sticking to profit-making", private kindergartens have to face three problems in the process of choosing whether to "rely on the big tree" or "self-reliance" including the trouble and pain of identity change and financial liquidation, the risk and danger of independent charging and financial freedom, the concession and forbearance of cost increase and profit decline. The paper holds that the dilemma of private kindergartens is due to the difference between government logic and market habits. The government is adopting a kind of flattening governance logic, while the market has formed competitive operation habits. There is no consciousness or system of coordination between two sides. Based on the above, the way to break through the siege of private kindergartens development is to promote the joint development of "universal, generalized and inclusive private kindergartens of quality" and "profit-making private kindergartens of conscience". On one hand, it is ought to stick the quality of universal, generalized and inclusive private kindergartens. On the other hand, it is necessary to give suitable space for profit-making private kindergartens. The ultimate aim is to realize the private preschool education with solicitude for children and society.
作者
王海英
刘静
魏聪
Wang Haiying;Liu Jing;Wei Cong(Preschool Education Policy Research Center,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097;College of Education,Shanghai Nornal University,Shanghai 200234)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第12期23-30,共8页
Research in Educational Development
基金
全国教育科学“十三五”规划2017年度课题“我国非营利性民办园制度建设研究”(BFA170056)的部分成果
关键词
转向普惠
坚守营利
分类改革
两难
turning to universal
generalized and inclusive policy
sticking to profit-making
classification reform
dilemma
