摘要
目的了解2018-2020年广州市孕妇碘营养状况,为孕妇碘缺乏病防治提供依据。方法采用分层随机的抽样方式,于2018-2020年对广州市11个区的孕妇开展抽样调查,每年每个区调查100名孕妇,并采集尿样和盐样进行检测。结果共对3300名孕妇开展调查,总体尿碘中位数为165.77μg/L。尿碘值<150μg/L的占43.64%,150~<250μg/L的占28.64%,250~<500μg/L的占21.36%,≥500μg/L的占6.36%。不同监测区孕妇尿碘中位数在146.59~201.00μg/L之间,其中从化区和海珠区的孕妇尿碘中位数<150μg/L,不同监测区差异有统计学意义(H=74.074,P<0.01);孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期孕妇尿碘中位数分别为182.00、158.00、160.64μg/L,差异有统计学意义(H=13.330,P<0.01);尿碘含量与孕周之间成负相关关系(r=-0.035,P=0.042);不同年份、不同年龄组别孕妇尿碘中位数差异无统计学意义(H=1.670,P=0.430;Z=-0.040,P=0.970)。本次调查孕妇食用盐碘中位数为24.91 mg/kg,整体合格碘盐食用率为96.09%。2018-2020年孕妇合格碘盐食用率分别为96.09%、96.73%、95.45%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.359,P=0.035),合格碘盐食用率与年份成正相关关系(r=0.056,P=0.035);不同监测区孕妇合格碘盐食用率在92.00%~99.33%之间,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=96.014,P<0.01);不同年龄组别、不同孕期孕妇合格碘盐食用率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.792,P=0.055;χ^(2)=8.365,P=0.079)。结论2018-2020年广州市孕妇碘营养整体处于适宜状态,但尿碘分布存在不均衡;孕早期尿碘水平高于孕中期和孕晚期,尿碘含量随着孕周的增加呈逐渐下降的趋势。
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Guangzhou city from 2018 to 2020 and provide basis for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disease in pregnant women.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a sampling survey of pregnant women in 11 districts of Guangzhou from 2018 to 2020,with 100 pregnant women in each district surveyed annually.Urine and salt samples were collected for testing.Results A total of 3300 pregnant women were investigated,and the overall median of urinary iodine was 165.77μg/L.Urine iodine value of 150μg/L accounted for 43.64%,150-<250μg/L accounted for 28.64%,250-<500μg/L accounted for 21.36%,≥500μg/L accounted for 6.36%.The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in different areas ranged from 146.59 to 201.00μg/L,and the median urinary iodine of pregnant women in Conghua district and Haizhu district were lower than 150μg/L,with significant difference among different areas(H=74.074,P<0.01).The median urinary iodine concentration in the first,second and third trimester was 182.00,158.00 and 160.64μg/L,respectively,with significant differences(H=13.330,P<0.01).There was a negative correlation between urinary iodine concentration and gestational age(r=-0.035,P=0.042).There was no significant difference in the median urinary iodine concentration among different ages and years(H=1.670,P=0.430;Z=-0.040,P=0.970).The median iodized salt intake of pregnant women was 24.91 mg/kg,and the rate of qualified iodized salt intake was 96.09%.From 2018 to 2020,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in pregnant women were 96.09%,96.73%and 95.45%,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=10.359,P=0.035).There was a positive correlation between the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and year(r=0.056,P=0.035).The qualified iodized salt consumption rate of pregnant women in different areas ranged from 92.00%to 99.33%,with significant differences(χ^(2)=96.014,P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the rates of qualified iodized salt among different age groups and pregnant women(χ^(2)=5.792,P=0.055;χ^(2)=8.365,P=0.079).Conclusions From 2018 to 2020,the iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Guangzhou was generally in an appropriate status,but the distribution of urinary iodine was not balanced.The level of urinary iodine in early pregnancy was higher than that in second and third trimesters,and urinary iodine content decreased gradually with the increase of gestational age.
作者
许聪辉
张豪
陈海燕
任文锋
徐建敏
陈守义
樊莉蕊
魏跃红
XU Conghui;ZHANG Hao;CHEN Haiyan;REN Wenfeng;XU Jianmin;CHEN Shouyi;FAN Lirui;WEI Yuehong(Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510440,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第6期851-854,877,共5页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
广州市医学重点学科建设项目(2021-2023-11,2021-2023-12)
广州市重点实验室基础研究计划项目(202102100001)
广州市科技计划项目(2023A03J0937,2023A03J0452)
关键词
尿碘
碘营养
监测
孕妇
Urinary iodine
Iodine nutrition
Surveillance
Pregnant women
