摘要
从"大学组织判决案"到布兰登堡大学法判决,联邦宪法法院合宪性审查的焦点,正在从大学治理机构的成员及其权力,转向不同的治理机制在组织程序中的互动与大学组织的"整体构造"。根据布兰登堡大学法判决的裁判观点,州法律有关大学组织法的规定只要不对学术自由构成结构性危害即可。该案对元治理的过度"开放",使学术自由的宪法保障陷入低潮。当然,这并不意味着释宪者放弃了捍卫学术自由的责任。在汉堡大学法案与下萨克森州大学法汉诺威医学大学规定案等新近案件中,释宪者"重拾"自治行政的民主正当性路径,解释自治行政内权限分配的疑义。通过开放与限制元治理,德国联邦宪法法院为高等教育治理中多元且冲突利益的动态平衡提供了制度化的途径,促使高等教育治理在传统与现代之间保持必要的张力。
From the"University Organizational Judgment Case"to the Brandenburg University Law Judgment,the focus of the constitutional review of the Federal Constitutional Court is shifting from the institutional members of university governance and their powers to the interactions of different governance mechanisms in organizational procedures and the"overall structure"of university organization.According to the judgment of the Brandenburg University Law Judgment,state law stipulates that rules about university organizational law can be accepted so long as they do not constitute structural harm to academic freedom.The case’s excessive"openness"to the meta-governance has caused the constitutional protection of academic freedom to fall into depression.Of course,this does not mean that the constitutionalists have given up its duty to defend academic freedom.In recent cases such as the Hamburg University Act and the Hanover Medical University Amendment in Lower Saxony,the constitutionalists"regained"the democratic legitimacy path of self-government administration and explained the doubts about the distribution of authority within self-government administration.Through the opening and restricting of meta-governance,the German Federal Constitutional Court has provided an institutionalized approach for the dynamic balance of pluralistic and conflicting interests in the governance of higher education,prompting the governance of higher education to maintain the necessary tension between tradition and modernity.
出处
《中国人民大学教育学刊》
2020年第2期136-154,共19页
Renmin University of China Education Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“高等教育质量保障的法律规制研究”(项目编号:CIA180271)
关键词
学术自由
宪法解释
功能自治行政
元治理
高等教育治理
Academic Freedom
Constitutional Interpretation
Functional Autonomous Administration
Meta-governance
Higher Education Governance
