摘要
自新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,以极快的传播速度在全球蔓延,威胁着人们的生命安全和身体健康,使得应急物资需求极为迫切,从而引发了应急物资短缺、采购分配不合理、运输时效性差以及供需信息不对称等一系列问题。本文基于新冠肺炎疫情这一重大公共卫生事件,搭建了信息共享的应急物资采购、运输及分配供应链超网络体系;基于公平性、时效性以及经济性三个原则构建了多目标均衡模型,将其转换为等价的变分不等式,给出了模型的求解算法,并通过算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。此外,本文探讨了疫情严重程度(疫区城市内医院疫情严重程度和路途中疫情严重程度)、汇率、物流承运商防护态度以及疫区城市内医院需求满足率对采购、运输以及分配方案的影响。研究表明:应急物资采购、运输以及分配的时效性和经济性之间存在背反现象。随着所用货币相对于中国货币汇率的上升,应优先选择从国内制造商采购应急物资,保障应急物资供应链网络的时效性和经济性;随着新冠肺炎疫情不断发展,受灾人数不断增加,疫区城市内医院的相对公平满意度降低。
COVID-19’s high transmitting speed around the world since its outbreak threatens people’s safety and makes emergency supplies urgently needed.It has caused a series of problems,such as shortage of emergency supplies,unreasonable procurement and distribution,poor timeliness of transportation,asymmetric supply and demand information and so on.Based on COVID-19 major public health events,This paper set up information sharing of emergency supplies procurement,transportation and distribution of supply chain network system;with three principles of fairness,timeliness and economy,multi-objective equalization model is constructed,and it is transformed into equivalent variational inequality,gives the solving algorithm of the model,verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model by numerical examples.Besides,this paper discuss the effects of COVID-19 severity(The severity of the COVID-19 in hospitals in the affected areas and the severity of the COVID-19 on roads),exchange rate change,protective attitude of logistics carriers and demand satisfaction rate of hospitals in COVID-19 areas on procurement,transportation and distribution schemes.The research shows that there is a contradiction between timeliness and economy of the procurement,transportation and distribution of emergency supplies.With the currency exchange rate relative to Chinese currency rising,priority should be given to purchase emergency supplies from domestic manufacturers to ensure the timeliness and economy of the supply chain network of emergency supplies.With the continuous spread of the COVID-19 and the increasing number of people affected by the disaster,the satisfaction of relative fairness of hospitals in the COVID-19 area decreased.
作者
张庆红
陈雪
王英辉
左智慧
ZHANG Qing-hong;CHEN Xue;WANG Ying-hui;ZUO Zhi-hui(School of Economics and Management,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,Hebei,China)
出处
《物流研究》
2021年第4期33-47,共15页
Logistics Research
基金
河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(SD201015)
关键词
应急物资
公共卫生事件
供应链网络
分配公平
变分不等式
Emergency Supplies
Public Health Events
Supply Chain Network
Distributive Equity
Varia-tional Inequality
