摘要
孔雀王朝是古代印度首个统一的中央集权帝国,阿育王是孔雀王朝的第三位君主。阿育王通过吸收并改造以佛教法文化为代表的思想资源,设计并实施了达摩治国方略,将转轮王理想与现实主义治国术结合,实现了伦理与政治的新综合。这种新综合方案借助佛教法文化和其它沙门思想提升王权,使王权与官僚体系紧密配合;借助佛教法文化塑造新伦理,创造具有包容性的统治意识形态;通过佛教法文化缓和现实主义治国术的严酷,形成张弛有度的统治格局。但由于阿育王的达摩治国偏离婆罗门教主流文化,加之孔雀王朝的文化差异和政治离心作用,使这一治国方略遭遇危机。印度建国后,阿育王轮作为国家政治象征,包含统一、包容、和平、共和与文明五重政治想象,融入了现代印度法文化当中。
The Mauryan Dynasty was the first unified centralized empire in ancient India,and Asoka was its third monarch.By absorbing and transforming the ideological resources represented by Buddhist legal culture,Asoka invented and implemented a new rule of dharma strategy,combining the chakravartin ideal with realistic technique of governance to achieve a new synthesis of ethics and politics.This new synthesis utilized Buddhist dharma culture and other sramanas to elevate the king’s power and make it closely compatible with the bureaucracy;it utilized Buddhist dharma culture to shape a new ethic and create an inclusive ruling ideology,as well as to moderate the harshness of realist governance and create an appropriately relaxed ruling pattern.However,Asoka’s rule of dharma deviated from the mainstream culture of Brahminism,and the cultural differences with political centrifugal effects of the Mauryan Dynasty caused this strategy to a crisis.After the founding of the Republic of India,Asoka’s wheel,as the political symbol of the country,containing five political imaginations of unity,tolerance,peace,republic and civilization,has been integrated into the legal culture of modern India.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期565-585,共21页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
北京宸星教育基金会项目“印度法和伊斯兰法研究”(项目编号:2019-03-003)
国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大研究专项(项目编号:21@WTA001)的阶段性成果
关键词
孔雀王朝
阿育王
达摩
佛教法文化
Mauryan Dynasty
Asoka
Dharma
Buddhist Legal Culture
