摘要
晚近,欧盟RTAs电子商务章节的发展呈现出"求同"与"存异"并举的特点。"求同"旨在增强数字贸易规则的可预测性、吸收美式规则输出带来的压力,其既表现为欧盟通过RTAs中的监管合作机制及规制标准与缔约相对方实现规制趋同的努力,也表现为欧盟RTAs本身与美国FTAs的同质化。"存异"则借助灵活性条款与软性条款释放"求同"所吸收的规制压力,缓和自由贸易与欧盟其他政策考量所蕴含价值间的冲突,化解"求同"的负外部性,集中体现为RTAs通过"存异"机制维持与缔约相对方间规制差异的尝试,及由此表现出的与美国FTAs的规制立场差异。在数字贸易规则"中式模板"的构建中,欧盟RTAs电子商务章节具有一定的借鉴价值,中国应在明确自身规制利益的基础上与既有美欧规则"求同存异"。
Recently,electronic commerce chapters in EU’s RTAs have been"seeking the commons"and"preserving the differences".Aiming at enhancing the predictability of digital trade rules and absorbing the pressure brought by the rule exportation of the US,"seeking the commons"appears as both the endeavor of regulatory convergence with counterparty by regulatory cooperation and regulatory standard,and the homogenization between EU’s RTAs and US’FTAs.By flexible articles and soft articles,"preserving the difference"releases the absorbed regulatory pressure,mitigates the conflict between free trade and other values implied in EU’s policy considerations,to dissolve the negative externalities of"seeking the commons",which was reflected mainly as the attempt to maintain the regulatory difference between parties by mechanism preserving the differences,and the differences on regulatory position between EU and the US as an outcome.When constructing the Chinese Templates of digital trade rules,China can use the electronic commerce chapters in EU’s RTAs for reference in a degree,and"seeking the commons"while"preserving the differences"on the basis of determining its own regulatory interests.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
CSSCI
2020年第2期114-136,共23页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
2017年国家社科一般项目“数字贸易国际规则的新发展及中国法律对策研究”(项目批准号:17BFX216)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
欧盟区域贸易协定
电子商务
数字贸易
数字贸易规则
European Union regional trade agreements
electronic commerce
digital trade
digital trade rules
