摘要
为了探究生物炭混掺量对不同配比沼液间接地下滴灌土壤水力特性的影响,采用室内土箱模拟试验,设置4个生物炭混掺水平(生物炭、土壤质量百分比分别为0、1%、2%、5%(B0、B1、B2、B5))和4个沼液配比水平(沼液、水体积比分别为0、1∶8、1∶6、1∶4(Z_(0)、Z_(1∶8)、Z_(1∶6)、Z_(1∶4))),探求小麦秸秆生物炭混掺对沼液间接地下滴灌土壤持水性能、土壤饱和导水率和土壤湿润体特征的影响。结果表明:土壤持水性能随生物炭混掺量和沼液配比的增大而提升;Van Genuchten模型能够准确拟合各处理土壤水分特征曲线;生物炭混掺和沼液灌溉可以增加土壤孔隙度和毛管孔隙度;土壤饱和导水率随生物炭混掺量的增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,随沼液配比的增大而趋于减小;幂函数能够准确描述不同处理湿润锋运移距离与灌水时间的关系;生物炭混掺量为5%时,湿润锋垂直向下运移距离增大,垂直向上和水平方向运移距离减小,存在深层渗漏可能;湿润锋运移距离、湿润体体积、土壤高含水率分布区域面积均在生物炭混掺量为2%、沼液配比为1∶4时结果最优。综合考虑各项指标,处理Z_(1∶4)B_(2)的生物炭混掺量和沼液配比能够使间接地下滴灌下的粉壤土获得较好的土壤水力特性。
In order to explore the influence of biochar addition on soil hydraulic characteristics under indirect subsurface drip irrigation with biogas slurry,four levels of biochar mass percentages(biochar and soil mass ratios of 0,1%,2%,and 5%)and four levels of biogas slurry content(the volume ratio of biogas slurry and water was 0,1∶8,1∶6 and 1∶4)were set in the experiment.The biochar and the biogas slurry used wheat straw and cow dung as raw materials,respectively.The soil water holding capacity,soil saturated water conductivity and soil wetting characteristics were investigated.The results showed that soil water holding capacity was increased with the increase of biochar and biogas slurry contents.The Van-Genuchten model can accurately fit the soil moisture characteristic curve of each treatment.Both biochar addition and biogas slurry irrigation alone can increase soil porosity and capillary porosity,and their coupling effects on soil porosity and capillary porosity were more obvious.The soil saturated water conductivity was decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of biochar content,and reached the minimum value when the biochar content was 2%;while it was decreased with the increase of biogas slurry content;moreover,there were an interactive effect between the influence of biochar addition and biogas slurry irrigation on soil saturated water conductivity.The power function can accurately describe the relationship between the wetting front transportation distance and irrigation time under different treatments.The difference of biogas slurry and biochar content among different treatments had obvious effects on the shape of soil wetting body under indirect subsurface drip irrigation,when the biochar content was 1%or 2%,the migration distance of wetting front and volume of wetting body was decreased with the biogas slurry application,the range in the wetting body with high water content(greater than soil field water capacity,0.3062 cm^(3)/cm^(3))was increased;for treatment with 5%biochar content,the horizontal and vertically upward migration distance of wetting front was decreased with the application of biogas slurry,while the vertically downward migration distance was increased,resulting in an relative smaller area of wetting body with high water content although the volume of wetting body which was as big as that of treatment with 2%biochar content.Taking all indexes into comprehensively consideration,the coupling treatment of Z_(1∶4)B_(2),and the fine loam soil under indirect subsurface drip irrigation can obtain better soil hydraulic characteristics.
作者
郑健
向鹏
孙强
康健
王燕
ZHENG Jian;XIANG Peng;SUN Qiang;KANG Jian;WANG Yan(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of the System of Biomass Energy and Solar Energy Complementary Energy Supply System in Gansu,Lanzhou 730050,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期340-351,404,共13页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51969012)
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑引导项目(2019C-13)
甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-27、2021CYZC-33)
兰州理工大学红柳一流学科项目(0807J1)
关键词
沼液
小麦秸秆生物炭
间接地下滴灌
土壤水力特性
biogas slurry
wheat straw biochar
indirect subsurface drip irrigation
soil hydraulic characteristics
