摘要
针对现有施肥机械出现的堆积堵塞、肥量调节困难以及施肥均匀性差的问题,设计了一种易于调节肥量、挡板推肥防堵塞的侧深施肥装置,阐述了该装置工作原理,参考水田侧深施肥农艺要求和插秧机空间结构,确定了施肥装置基本结构参数;对侧深施肥装置工作过程进行理论分析,确定了影响装置施肥性能的工作参数主要为排肥圆盘转速和肥槽高度;利用EDEM离散元仿真软件建立滑槽回转式施肥装置仿真模型,探究了排肥圆盘转速和肥槽高度对施肥装置充肥和排肥效果的影响,确定了排肥圆盘的最佳工作转速为10~50 r/min;为验证施肥性能,通过台架试验对滑槽回转式水田侧深施肥装置进行试验研究,获得了排肥圆盘转速、肥槽高度对施肥稳定性影响规律和排肥圆盘转速、插秧机速度对施肥均匀性影响规律,各指标均满足国家施肥作业机械标准;通过与常见施肥结构装置进行对比,证明滑槽回转式水田侧深施肥装置在一定程度上提高了施肥均匀性。
Fertilizer is the key factor for increasing rice yield,and solves accumulation blockage,difficulty in regulating fertilizer amount and poor uniformity of fertilization in the existing fertilization machinery,and a side deep fertilizing device which was easy to adjust the amount of fertilizer and prevent blockage was designed,referring to the agronomic requirements of side deep fertilization in paddy field and structure of transplanter,and the basic structural parameters of the device were determined.Through theoretical analysis,the working process of the device was explored,with simulation software,the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and fertilizer tank height on fertilizer filling and discharging were investigated,the optimum operating speed range of fertilizer discharge disc was 10~50 r/min.Through bench test,the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and fertilizer tank height on fertilization stability and the effects of fertilizer discharge disc speed and transplanter speed on fertilization uniformity were obtained,the fertilization results met the national standards,and the fertilization uniformity was improved to a certain extent compared with the fertilization machinery on the market.With field test operation,the operation effect met the agronomic requirements.The research designed a kind of fertilizing device which was easy to regulate the fertilizer amount,anti-blocking device with uniform fertilization,provided a reference for the operation of the side deep fertilizing device for paddy field.
作者
王金峰
刘源峰
翁武雄
王金武
付佐栋
王震涛
WANG Jinfeng;LIU Yuanfeng;WENG Wuxiong;WANG Jinwu;FU Zuodong;WANG Zhentao(College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期76-85,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2000605-2)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系岗位科学家项目(CARS-01-44)
黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系岗位专家项目
关键词
侧深施肥
排肥装置
水田
滑槽回转式
side deep fertilization
fertilizer discharging device
paddy field
chute rotary
