摘要
御史监察制度是中国封建社会监察体系的重要组成部分。自秦代建立独立的监察机构以来,虽然后代监察制度多有变化,但在随后的两千多年封建社会里,御史监察制度却一直被沿用和发展。御史监察制度的主要特点是监察御史位卑权重,通过以官秩较低官员监察官秩较高官员的方式,在快速诊断国家机器弊端、推进君主决策的合理性、提高监察权运行实效性等方面,发挥了积极作用。但是御史监察制度有违权力制约应当自上而下的常态,由此引发监察权干扰行政权,造成监察权的无序行使,使得监察有时沦为政治斗争的工具,体现了御史监察制度的历史局限性。在社会主义法治国家建设的背景下,在坚持以习近平法治思想为引领的基础上,正确认识御史监察制度这一历史现象,将有益于我国监察制度和反腐败工作的完善。
The system of imperial history supervision is an important part of the system of supervision in feudal society in China.Since the establishment of independent supervisory institutions in Qin Dynasty,although the supervision system of future generations has changed,in the following 2000 years feudal society,the imperial history supervision system has been used and developed.The main characteristics of the system are the inferior weight of the supervision over the history.By using the way of the lower rank of the officials,the higher rank of the officials,the system has played an active role in the rapid diagnosis of the defects of the state machine,the rationality of the decision-making of the monarch and the improvement of the effectiveness of the supervision power.But the system of imperial history supervision has the normal of violating the power restriction,which leads to the interference of the supervision power to the administrative power,the disordered exercise of the supervision power,and sometimes the supervision becomes a tool of political struggle,which reflects the historical limitations of the system.In the context of building a socialist country under the rule of law,and adhering to the rule of law of Xi Jinping as the guide,a correct understanding of the historical phenomenon of censorship system will benefit our supervision system and the improvement of anti-corruption work.
作者
陈凯健
蔡宝刚
Chen Kaijian;Cai Baogang
出处
《南京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第7期86-92,共7页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金重点项目“推进和保障公民参与反腐败的制度设计研究”(13AZZ006)的阶段性成果
关键词
中国古代
御史监察制度
运行机制
功效
ancient China
imperial supervision system
operating mechanism
efficacy
