摘要
新时期民俗学研究逐渐由抽离语境的事象研究、文本研究转向重视语境的生活研究、整体研究。现在用语境理论来审视我们的田野调查规范和适度革新传统的民俗志书写范式就显得很有必要。以语境理论视野下的田野作业为基础,较为完善的民俗志书写应该注重以下方面:语境的时间要素与时代归属、民俗变迁,语境的空间要素与空间范围、地域特色,语境的事件要素与民俗过程、生活细节,语境的心理要素与民俗心理、民众精神,语境的功能要素与民众生活需求与民俗功用,语境的背景要素与民众解释、学者解释。
Folklore research has gradually shifted from item study and text study separated from context to life study and whole study in the new era.Now it is necessary to examine our fieldwork norms and moderately innovate the traditional writing paradigm of folklore recordings with the context theory.Based on fieldworks from the perspective of context theory,the more perfect writing of folklore recordings should pay attention to the following aspects of context:time elements corresponding to era division and folklore changes,space elements corresponding to spatial scope and regional characteristics,event elements corresponding to folklore process and life details,psychological elements corresponding to folk psychology and public spirit,function elements corresponding to people's life demand and folklore function,background elements corresponding to interpretations by people and by scholars.
关键词
语境理论
民俗志
田野调查
规范与创新
context theory
folklore recordings
fieldwork
norms and innovations
