摘要
黄侃的"训诂"界定与前人不同,具有高度的学理自觉。在他看来,"诂"为语言之本来,"训"为语言之引申,他对"诂—训"的辨析中体现出对语言源流演变的认识,对"用语言解释语言"的界定中体现出自觉的语言本位观、语言全体观、语言系统观和语言理论观。他将"训诂"区分为"本有—后起""说字—解文""独立—隶属""小学—经学"四类,其内在逻辑正是语言文字的源流本变。通过对训诂的界定与分类,黄侃辨析了不同性质的训诂释义,明确了《说文》在训诂研究中的根本价值,厘定了"小学"对经学释义的统领地位,由此建立起"训诂"的"系统条理之学"。
By presenting the theoretical awareness,Huang Kan’s definition of Xungu(训诂)is different from all former scholars’.For saying Gu(诂)as the root of language and Xun(训)as the brunch of language,Huang discriminated between Gu(诂)and Xun(训),by which to clarify his cognition of the language’s origins and changes(源流本变).Huang’s definition says Use Language to Explain Language(用语言解释语言),in which to show his perception of fundamentality,wholeness,systematicness and theorization in language studies.Huang classified Xungu(训诂)into four pairs:Original and Changed(本有—后起),Explanation of Zi and Explanation of Wen(说字—解文),Independent and Dependent(独立—隶属),Explanation of Language and Explanation of classics(小学—经学).His classification connoted logic of the language’s origins and changes(源流本变).So,Huang defined different types of explanation,valued Shuowen Jiezi(《说文解字》)as the most basic classic in Xungu(训诂),and stated that philology is the most foundational thing in classic studies.In conclusion,by defining the intension of Xungu(训诂),Huang established the study of system and order(系统条理之学)in the field of Xungu(训诂).
作者
孟琢
张祎昀
Meng Zhuo;Zhang Yiyun
关键词
黄侃
训诂
用语言解释语言
系统条理之学
源流本变
Huang Kan
Xungu
Use Language to Explain Language
the study of system and order
origins and changes
