摘要
在马克思的理论中,“需要”既是政治经济学的重要问题,也是哲学的重要问题。在《资本论》及其手稿的语境下,一定的物质生产的发展带动生产和消费部门的增加,推动作为生产者和消费者的人的需要范围不断扩大,从而促使人的知觉和素质范围不断丰富化,让人在需要的生产和消费过程中“培养社会的人的一切属性”,通向全面发展。在资本主义条件下,这一发展过程受制于对抗性的分配关系,广大人民因消费力较低而无法享用不断被创造出来的新的需要,从而也不断引发经济危机和社会矛盾。新时代,中国特色社会主义坚持以马克思主义为指导,在充分汲取历史经验的基础上,锚定解放生产力、发展生产力、保护生产力,以供给侧结构性改革为主线,注重需求侧管理,不断提升社会生产力水平、人民收入水平和消费能力,以高质量发展推动需要的创造与满足,在推进人民共同富裕的同时也推进人民共同文明、共同全面发展。
In Marx's theory,"need"is not only an important issue of political economy,but also an important issue of philosophy.In the context of"Das Kapital"and its manuscripts,the development of a certain material production drives the increase of production and consumption departments,and promotes the continuous expansion of the range of human needs as producers and consumers,thereby promoting human consciousness and quality.This scope is constantly enriched,allowing people to"cultivate all the attributes of social beings"in the process of production and consumption needed,leading to all-round development.Under the conditions of capitalism,this development process is subject to an antagonistic distribution relationship,and the majority of the people cannot enjoy the new needs that are constantly being created due to their low consumption power,which also constantly leads to economic crises and social conflicts.In the new era,socialism with Chinese characteristics adheres to the guidance of Marxism,and on the basis of fully absorbing historical experience,anchors the liberation,development and protection of productivity,takes supply-side structural reform as the main line,focuses on demand-side management,and continuously improves the social productivity,people's income and consumption capacity,promote the creation and satisfaction of needs with highquality development,and promote the common civilization and common all-round development of the people while promoting the common prosperity of the people.
出处
《思想理论战线》
CSSCI
2023年第2期53-59,141,共8页
Front of Thought and Theory
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“当代精神分析与马克思社会批判理论发展研究”(20CZX004)
关键词
马克思
需要理论
人的全面发展
改革供给侧
管理需求侧
Marx
theoryof needs
comprehensive human development
reforming supply side
managing demand side
