摘要
农村基础设施是农村居民赖以生存、农业快速发展的基础性设施,其提供的产品和服务保障着农村生活,支撑着农业经济的正常运行。本文以农村基础设施投资为视角,采用中国30个省份2000~2018年的面板数据,构建随机前沿生产函数模型,实证分析了农村基础设施投资对粮食技术效率的影响。研究表明:从要素投入产出弹性来看,在各投入要素中,机械投入、灌溉投入、化肥投入以及土地投入对粮食技术效率的影响程度最大,劳动力投入则存在过量的情况;从效率损失与影响因素来看,农村基础设施投资中交通基础设施和电力基础设施投资有利于粮食技术效率的提升,水利基础设施投资的影响程度不显著;财政支农力度和居民生活水平提高能够显著影响粮食技术效率,人均种粮规模对其影响不显著。因此,为提升粮食技术效率需要加大农村交通和电力基础设施投资力度,逐渐完善农村水利基础设施投资体系,同时优化投入要素配置结构,加快提升农业机械化发展水平,增强粮食综合生产能力。
Rural infrastructure is the basic facilities that rural residents rely on for survival and the rapid development of agriculture.The products and services it provides guarantee rural life and support the normal operation of agricultural economy.In this paper,from the perspective of rural infrastructure investment,the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2018 were used to construct a stochastic frontier production function model,and the impact of rural infrastructure investment on the technical efficiency of grain was empirical analyzed.The results show that in terms of input-output elasticity of factors,among all input factors,mechanical input,irrigation input,chemical fertilizer input and land input have the greatest impact on the technical efficiency of grain,while labor input is excessive.From the perspective of efficiency loss and influencing factors,among the rural infrastructure investment,transportation infrastructure and electric power infrastructure investment are conducive to the improvement of grain technical efficiency,while water conservancy infrastructure investment has no significant impact.The financial support to agriculture and the improvement of residents’living standard can significantly affect the technical efficiency of grain,but the per capita grain size has no significant effect on it.Therefore,in order to improve the technical efficiency of grain,it is necessary to increase the investment in rural transportation and electric power infrastructure,gradually improve the investment system of rural water conservancy infrastructure,optimize the allocation structure of input factors,accelerate the development of agricultural mechanization,and enhance the comprehensive grain production capacity.
作者
杜蓉
蔡荣
Du Rong;Cai Rong(Institute of Food and Strategic Reserves,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing,210003,China)
出处
《粮食经济研究》
2022年第1期113-124,共12页
Food Economics Research
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:72173060)
江苏省研究生科研创新项目(项目编号:KYCX21_1446)
关键词
农村基础设施投资
粮食技术效率
随机前沿生产函数
效率损失
Rural Infrastructure Investment
Grain Technical Efficiency
Stochastic Frontier Production Function
Efficiency Loss
