摘要
火神祝融是在疑古派之后重建上古神话历史的关键人物。凭借文学人类学的四重证据法,先据司马迁未采纳的二重证据和《山海经》熊穴出神人的叙事,复原出《史记》之前较为完整的楚国版14祖帝王谱,以天熊降临的熊山熊穴神人为首,链接《楚帛书》天熊伏羲创世神话内容,阐释少典和黄帝的有熊国号由来,乃至颛顼、老童、祝融以下的熊号楚王谱的所以然。再参照三、四重证据的激活效应,说明天熊乘龙而升降于天地间的神话信仰真相,溯源到欧亚美三大洲旧石器时代以来的熊图腾信仰与天熊神话原型。
Zhurong,the legendary god of fire,has played a pivotal role in the reconstruction of the mythological history of high antiquity since the Querying Antiquity school questioned the authenticity of Chinese mythology in the early twentieth century.Adopting the quadruple-evidence method of literary anthropology,the present author reconstructs a relatively complete fourteen-generation dynastic genealogy of the state of Chu in the light of the dual evidence rejected by Sima Qian and the narrative of the immortals coming out of the Bear Cave in The Classic of Mountains and Seas.This reconstruction begins with the immortals living in the Bear Cave of Bear Mountain,whence the celestial bear descended,connects the creation myth attributed to the celestial bear(Fuxi)in the Chu Silk Manuscript,illuminates the origin of the regnal title“Youxiong”of Shaodian and the Yellow Emperor,and thus explains the whys and wherefores of the Xiong family of Chu kings since Zhuanxu,Laotong,and Zhurong.Finally,using the third and fourth layers of evidence,the author sheds light on the mythology of the celestial bear riding the dragon back and forth between earth and heaven and traces it back to the totemic belief in the bear in Paleolithic Europe,Asia,and the Americas,thus clarifying the prototype of the celestial bear mythology.
作者
叶舒宪
Wang Luman(译)
Ye Shuxian;Wang Luman(Institute of Mythology at Shanghai Jiao Tong University;Institute of Literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;ShanghaiTech University)
出处
《孔学堂》
CSSCI
2022年第4期4-18,117-129,共28页
Confucian Academy
关键词
祝融乘龙
祝融天降
伏羲天熊
少典有熊国
黄帝有熊
Zhurong
riding the dragon
descending from Heaven
celestial bear
Fuxi
Shaodian
Youxiong
Yellow Emperor
