摘要
目的:分析医院抗肿瘤药物所致药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的临床特征,为临床抗肿瘤药物的合理用药提供参考。方法:选取2020年7月—12月平顶山市第一人民医院上报中国医院药物警戒系统(China hospital pharmacovigilance system,CHPS)的110例抗肿瘤药物所致ADRs报告作为研究资料,统计和分析ADRs患者的性别、年龄、诊断等基本信息,所涉的药物种类、给药方式、累及器官(或系统)、临床表现,以及ADRs的分级与转归。结果:抗肿瘤药物ADRs主要发生于>40~65岁(67例,占58.18%)和>65岁(36例,占32.73%)的中老年群体,患者的疾病多为呼吸系统肿瘤(42例,占38.18%)和消化系统肿瘤(31例,占28.18%);110例ADRs涉及的主要为洛铂、卡铂、顺铂等直接影响DNA结构和功能的抗肿瘤药物(43例,占39.09%),培美曲塞、吉西他滨等干扰核酸生物合成的抗肿瘤药物(20例,占18.18%),以及复方苦参、艾迪等辅助类抗肿瘤药物(22例,占20.00%);ADRs所涉药物的给药方式主要为静脉给药(103例,占93.64%);ADRs主要累及消化系统(54例,占49.09%),其次为血液系统(17例)、皮肤及其附件(13例)和全身(11例);ADRs的发生时间主要为用药后的≤1 d(33例,占30.00%)和>1~3 d(57例,占51.81%);110例抗肿瘤药物ADRs中,严重的有23例,一般的有84例,新的有3例,治疗后患者基本都好转(92例,占83.63%)或治愈(16例,占14.55%)。结论:医院抗肿瘤药物所致ADRs有其一定的临床特点和规律,临床对涉及的主要群体、药物和累及器官(或系统)应加强监测,以便及早发现和处置,提高抗肿瘤药物的用药安全。
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)caused by antitumor drugs in the hospital so as to provide reference for the rational use of clinical anti-tumor drugs.Methods:A total of 110 cases of ADRs due to anti-tumor drugs reported to China Hospital Pharmacovigilance System(CHPS)by the First People’s Hospital of Pingdingshan from July 2020 to December 2020 were selected as research data.The basic information of patients with ADRs,such as gender,age,diagnosis,as well as drug types,administration method,organs(or systems)involved,clinical manifestations,and the classification and outcome of ADRs were counted and analyzed.Results:ADRs caused by anti-tumor drugs mainly occurred in middle-aged and elderly people greater than 40 but not over 65 years old(67 cases,accounting for 58.18%)and greater than 65 years old(36 cases,accounting for 32.73%),mainly with diseases of respiratory system tumors(42 cases,accounting for 38.18%)and digestive system tumors(31cases,accounting for 28.18%);the 110 cases of ADRs mainly involved anti-tumor drugs such as lobaplatin,carboplatin and cisplatin(43 cases,accounting for 39.09%)that directly affected the structure and function of DNA,anti-tumor drugs such as pemetrexed and gemcitabine(20 cases,accounting for 18.18%)that interfered with nucleic acid biosynthesis,and adjuvant anti-tumor drugs,such as compound radix sophorae flavescentis and Aide injection(22 cases,accounting for 20.00%);the drugs involved in the ADRs were mainly intravenously administrated(103 cases,accounting for93.64%).ADRs mainly involved the digestive system(54 cases,accounting for 49.09%),followed by the hematologic system(17 cases),skin and its adnexa(13 cases)and the whole body(11 cases).The occurrence time of ADRs was mainly less than or equal to 1d(33 cases,accounting for 30.00%)and longer than 1 but not over 3d(57 cases,accounting for 51.81%)after drug administration.The 110 cases of anti-tumor drug ADRs included 23 serious cases,84 mild cases and 3 new cases.The patients basically improved(92 cases,accounting for 83.63%)or were cured(16 cases,accounting for 14.55%)after treatment.Conclusion:ADRs caused by anti-tumor drugs in the hospital have certain clinical characteristics and patterns,and major groups,drugs and organs(or systems)involved should be more strictly monitored for early detection and disposal to improve the use safety of anti-tumor drugs.
作者
刘会超
余儒桓
LIU Hui-chao;YU Ru-huan(The First People's Hospital of Pingdingshan,Pingdingshan Henan 467000,China)
出处
《抗感染药学》
2022年第6期893-897,共5页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
关键词
抗肿瘤药物
药物不良反应
临床特征
anti-tumor drug
adverse drug reaction
clinical characteristics
