摘要
目的了解某部新兵与老兵的健康素养状况并分析其影响因素,为设计健康教育和健康促进方案提供参考。方法于2018年9-10月采用整群随机抽样方法抽取某部新兵1013人、老兵938人,采用中国健康教育中心2015年编制的《中国公民健康素养调查问卷》对其进行调查。数据统计分析采用SPSS22.0软件进行2检验、Wilcoxon检验和多元Logistic回归。结果官兵健康素养总体水平为9.64%,老兵(11.73%)较新兵(7.70%)高(P<0.01)。健康素养3个方面中,在健康生活方式与行为素养水平方面老兵(14.07%)高于新兵(8.69%)(P<0.01);健康素养6类问题中,在科学健康观、慢性病防治和健康信息素养方面老兵(32.09%、13.43%、25.80%)均高于新兵(20.93%、9.67%、19.64%)(P<0.01)。新兵与老兵在各人口学特征中,总体健康素养在文化程度、使用手机、电脑频率中存在差异;3个方面各指标在性别、年龄、文化程度、使用手机、电脑频率、父亲文化程度和父母职业中存在差异;6类问题各指标在性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、入伍前所在地区、游戏时间、使用手机、电脑频率、家庭年总收入、父母文化程度和父亲职业中存在差异。多元Logistic回归分析显示,影响官兵健康素养水平的因素为人员类别(OR=1.439,95%CI:1.021~2.027)、文化程度(OR=1.974,95%CI:1.413~2.758)、年龄(OR=1.510,95%CI:1.063~2.145)、入伍前所在地区(OR=1.425,95%CI:1.001~2.030)、家庭年总收入(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.179~0.688)和一年健康状况(OR=1.587,95%CI:1.119~2.252)。结论某部新兵与老兵健康素养水平均较低(<17.06%),亟需加强健康教育和健康促进工作,尽早针对性地实施提升官兵健康素养与改善官兵健康生活方式的干预措施。
Objective To find out about the health literacy and analyze the influencing factors among recruits and veterans,and provide references for designing health education and health promotion programs.Methods A total of1013 recruits and 938 veterans were selected by cluster random sampling from September to October in 2018,who were investigated via the"China Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire".Single-factor chi-square test,Wilcoxon test and multivariate Logistic regression were used with SPSS22.0.Results The overall level of soldiers’health literacy was 9.64%,and that of the veterans(11.73%)was higher(7.70%)(P<0.01).In three aspects of health literacy,health lifestyle and behavior of the veterans(14.07%)were better than those of the recruits(8.69%)(P<0.01).As for the six questions related to health literacy,scientific health concept,chronic disease prevention and treatment and health information of the recruits were 20.93%,9.67%and 19.64%respectively,compared with 32.09%,13.43%and 25.80%respectively for veterans,with statistically significant differences(P<0.01).Among the different demographic characteristics,the overall health literacy was different in education levels and frequency of computer use.There were differences in terms of gender,education levels,frequency of using mobile phones and computers,fathers’education levels and parents’occupations in the three aspects and in terms of gender,ethnicity,education levels,family locations,time spent on games,frequency of using mobile phones and computers,annual family incomes,parents’education levels and fathers’occupations in the six types.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing health literacy were the personnel category(OR=1.439,95%CI:1.021-2.027),education level(OR=1.974,95%CI:1.413-2.758),age(OR=1.510,95%CI:1.063-2.145),residence before enlistment(OR=1.425,95%CI:1.001-2.030),total annual income(OR=0.351,95%CI:0.179-0.688)and one-year health status(OR=1.587,95%CI:1.119-2.252)of soldiers.Conclusion The health literacy level of recruits and veterans in the army is low(<17.06%).It is urgent to strengthen health education and health promotion,and implement targeted intervention measures to improve the health literacy and healthy lifestyles of soldiers as soon as possible.
作者
陈军
米玛欧珠
陈济安
郑传芬
卢路
荣红辉
张玲
CHEN Jun;MIMA Ou zhu;CHEN Ji an;ZHENG Chuan fen;LU Lu;RONG Hong hui;ZHANG Ling(Department of Military Health Education,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China;Cadet 3 Brigade of Basic Medical College,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)
出处
《军事医学》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第11期822-830,共9页
Military Medical Sciences
基金
陆军军医大学人文社科基金(2017XRW17).
关键词
新兵
老兵
健康素养
影响因素
recruits
veterans
health literacy
influencing factors
