摘要
农村商业银行由农信社改制而成。从以服务"三农"为主、盈利为辅的合作制金融机构,到以利润最大化和控制风险为商业目标,同时又要承担服务"三农"等公共服务职能的股份制市场化主体,农商行的性质和定位一直在不断探索和变化中。利用2017-2019年全国1342家农商行的非平衡面板数据,本文对农商行能否在承担服务"三农"等公共服务职能的同时实现商业目标,以及地方政府干预对农商行服务"三农"和实现商业目标的影响进行了实证研究。研究表明,农商行能够在服务"三农"的同时实现商业目标,地方政府干预不利于农商行实现商业目标,但有助于引导农商行加大服务"三农"的力度。基于研究结论,本文建议农商行应坚守本源,以服务"三农"为主业。地方政府应充分尊重农商行作为市场化主体的独立性,建立健全政策支持与风险分担机制,优化地方金融生态环境,提高农商行服务"三农"的能力。
Rural commercial banks(RCBs)were transformed from rural credit cooperatives.From the mutual financial cooperatives with the top priority of serving agriculture,rural areas and farmers and a secondary goal of maintaining profitability to joint-stock market participants whose basic financial goal is to maximize profit and maintain modest risk while taking the social responsibility,the role of RCBs has long been under exploration.Based on data on 1342 RCBs of 30 provinces in China from 2017 to 2019,our paper explored the relation between the extent to which RCBs undertake the social responsibility and achieve the financial goal,and how local government intervention affects the relation.We concluded that,first,RCBs can serve well agriculture,rural areas and farmers without compromising the financial goal.Second,government intervention has negatively affected RCBs’financial performance.However,it helps RCBs to undertake the social responsibility.Therefore,the paper suggested that RCBs should focus on serving agriculture,rural areas and farmers,and local governments should respect RCBs’independence as market participants,develop policy support and risk-share mechanism,improve local financial environment,so as to improve the capacity of RCBs to undertake its social responsibility.
出处
《金融发展评论》
2021年第1期15-28,共14页
Financial Development Review
关键词
农村金融机构
服务“三农”
商业目标
政府干预
Rural Commercial Banks
Social Responsibility
Financial Performance
Government Intervention
