摘要
我们从120具新生儿尸体中,挑选原套、成对的锤骨200只(100付)、砧骨224只(112付)、镫骨164只(82付),共588只听小骨,在解剖显微镜下观察,发现听小骨在形状、长度、粗细、角度、弯曲等方面的变异颇多。本文介绍了锤骨头前凹、锤骨柄外侧缘的形态、锤骨柄前弯、砧骨长、短脚的形态、镫骨脚和镫骨底的各种形态变异。在240只耳中,发现5例(2.1%)听小骨先天性畸形:先天性镫骨底固定(1例)、环状镫骨与镫骨底分离(1例)、小柱状镫骨(2例)、镫骨与砧骨长脚和锤骨柄间借类骨组织连结(1例)。
The morphological variations and congenital malformations of the auditoryossicles are not so rare as previously considered.The congenital anomalies of themhave sometimes been documented in the periodicals of the otorhinolaryngology,buttheir variations reported are scanty and incomplete.With dissecting microscope,weobserved 588 ossicles(200 mallei,224 incudis 164 stapes)from 120 full term foe-tuses without congenital defect except one case of anencephaly.We found that theauditory ossicles vary greatly in their form,length,size,angulation,curvature orthickness,etc.Those are variations of anterior fovea of caput mallei,anteriorcurvature of manubrium mallei,form of lateral margin of manubrium mallei,formof crus breve of incus,form of crus stapedis and patterns of basis stapedis.In 240 ears,five cases of congenital malformations of ossicular chain(2.1%)were discovered and listed as follows:1.One case of congenital stapes footplate fixation,2.One case of ring form stapes detached from the basis stapedis,3.Two cases of columella stapes,4.One case of triple fusion of ossicles by osteoid tissue.Embryology of auditory ossicles available for understanding the variability anddeformity was briefly reviewed.According to our investigations we come to the conclusion that the stapesis probably the most frequently involved in the morphological variation andmalformation.
作者
韩永坚
张克劬
章明
Han Yongjian;Zhang Kequ;Zhang Ming(Department of Anatomy,Zhejiang Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1983年第3期236-241,341,共7页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
