摘要
观察了320侧成人的髂内动脉及其主要分支。髂内动脉的起点多平第五腰椎和腰骶椎间盘的高度(80.94%),在左、右侧之间,多数是右高于左;在男、女性之间,有男高于女的趋势。依髂内动脉发出臀上、臀下和阴部内动脉三大分支的情况,将髂内动脉的分支型式分为五大型共10个分型。各型中,以先发出臀上动脉,后发出臀下阴部干的(Ⅰ型)最多,占55.94%。髂内动脉三大分支与骶丛的主要位置关系是:臀上动脉多数穿过腰骶干与第一骶神经之间(79.06%);臀下动脉以经骶丛前方出盆的较多(51.65%);阴部内动脉绝大多数经骶丛前方出盆(94.69%)。髂腰动脉只有一支的占65.62%,有二支的占30%,有三支的占4.38%。髂腰动脉多数直接起于髂内动脉或臀上动脉。骶外侧动脉的支数为1—6支不等,其以有二支的为最多,占63.74%。骶外侧动脉多数起自臀上动脉。闭孔动脉起于髂内动脉系的占80%,起于髂外动脉系的占17.19%,起于髂内、外动脉系的占2.81%。直肠中动脉以起于阴部内动脉的较多。子宫动脉多数只有一支,有11例标本有两支子宫动脉,这些动脉多发自髂内动脉的脐动脉段。副阴部动脉的出现率颇高,占24.37%,该动脉经耻骨联合下方出盆,分布于阴茎或阴蒂。
The internal iliac artery and its chief branches were observed on both sides of 160 Chinese cadavers.The origin of the internal iliac artery was mostly on a level with the 5th lumbar vertebra and lumbo-sacral intervertebral disc(80.94%).In most instances,the right side was higher than that of the left,and the male higher than that of the fe-male.According to the origin of its three main branches--superior gluteal,inferior glutealand internal pudendal arteries--the types of branching of the internal iliac artery mightbe classified into five types and ten subtypes.The prevailing type was typeⅠ(55.94%),in which the internal iliac artery gave off first the superior gluteal artery,then the inferiorgluteal-pudendal trunk.Many of the superior gluteal artery(79.06%)perforated the sacral nervous plexusbetween the lumbo-sacral trunk and first sacral nerve.In 94.69%of the pudendal artery and 51.6%of the inferior gluteal artery left the pelvis by passing in front of the sacralplexus.The ilio-lumbar artery varied from 1--3 in number,most of them(65.62%)weresingle.This artery might spring from the superior gluteal artery.The obturator arteryusually originated from the internal iliac artery(80%),occasionally from the external iliac artery(17.19%),rarely from both(2.81%).The middle rectal artery commonlysprang from the internal pudendal artery.The double uterine artery was found in 11cases,the additional artery always sprang from the umbilical portion of the internal iliac artery.
作者
钟世镇
刘正津
CHUNG SHIN-CHEN;LIU CHENG-TSIN(Department of Anatomy,Seventh Army Medical College)
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
1964年第2期173-180,共8页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
