摘要
光绪三十二年,吉林将军达桂遵照练兵处编练新军计划,通过编练八旗制兵,设置军事领导机构与开办新式军事教育等方式组建吉林陆军第一协,但受困于新式军事人才的缺乏和八旗锢习的束缚,官兵逃亡事件层出不穷。徐世昌任东三省总督后,针对该协存在的弊端进行整顿,但受困于财政困难,该协编练效果并未得到根本改善。锡良督东时期,针对日俄两国在远东增兵的情况,以第一协为基础,编成吉林新军一镇。但由于该镇由第一协与巡防队简单合并而成,非但没有解决原有问题,反而出现职责、统系不明的新问题,反映出八旗与新军相结合的步履维艰。该协的编练开启了东北地区编练新军之进程,为中方在延吉边务交涉期间的对日外交活动提供了武力后盾,为东北地区的军事近代化创造了有利条件。
In the 32th year of Guangxu Period,General Da Gui of Jilin established the First Army Brigade of Jilin by means of training the soldiers of the Eight Banners,setting up military leading organs and starting new military education un⁃der the Department of the Army's order of founding the New Army.During Da Gui's tenure,due to the lack of new military talents and the chains of old Eight Banners traditions,there existed the problems of serious shortage of members and new mili⁃tary talents with many cases of desertion.After Xu Shichang became the governor of the three Eastern provinces,he tried to solve those problems by reorganizing the brigade,but because of financial difficulties,the effect of his efforts was far from sat⁃isfactory.During the period of Xi Liang's governance,since Japan and Russia increased their troops in the Far East,Xi formed the 23rd Division on the basis of the Jilin First Army Brigade.However,because the Division was formed by simple merger of the First Brigade and the patrol team,the old problems were still there,with new ones arising of chaotic military system and vague responsibilities,which reflected the difficulty in the integration process of the Eight Banners and the New Army.The formation and training of the First Army Brigade of Jilin marked the beginning of the construction process of the New Army in Northeast China,provided military backing for China's diplomatic activities against Japan during the Yanji bor⁃der negotiations,and created favorable conditions for later military modernization in Northeast China.
作者
汪振兴
Wang Zhenxing(School of History and Culture,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin 130000)
出处
《军事历史研究》
CSSCI
2023年第2期36-47,共12页
Military History Research
关键词
清末新政
八旗
新军
吉林陆军第一协
Late Qing Reforms
the Eight Banners
the New Army
First Brigade of Jilin Army
