摘要
为明确葡萄霜霉病的流行时期、有效用药种类及防治指标,以蜜汁、红乳、左优红3个葡萄品种为试材,选用5种化学药剂、4种生物药剂进行田间药效试验,应用SPSS20.0软件对3个品种的调查数据进行拟合分析并构建病害流行动态Logistic模型。结果表明:经Logistic模型推导,葡萄霜霉病指数增长期为7月上旬至8月上旬,逻辑斯蒂增长期为7月下旬至8月下旬,衰退期为8月下旬至葡萄生育后期,不同品种流行时期略有差异。田间药效试验表明,化学药剂10%氟噻唑吡乙酮可分散油悬浮剂2500倍液和2000倍液的防效显著,分别为87.43%和87.37%,生物药剂寡雄腐霉4000倍液的防效最高,为78.15%;5种化学药剂中23.4%双炔酰菌胺悬浮剂、200 g/L吲唑磺菌胺悬浮剂、50%烯酰吗啉可湿性粉剂和80%波尔多液可湿性粉剂的各个浓度处理防效均>80%,生物药剂10%宁南霉素和3%氨基寡糖素的各浓度处理以及2%武夷菌素250倍液的防效均>60%。根据经济阈值模型进行危害损失允许水平(EIL)的计算可知,当葡萄霜霉病药剂防效达到87%时,霜霉病的经济危害允许水平为3.34%,防治指标为4.08,即当病情指数达4.08时,开展第1次防治,此时为最佳防治时间。
To determine the epidemic period,effective fungicides and control index of grape downy mildew,three varieties Honeydew,Hongru and Zuoyouhong were used as test materials,and five chemical fungicides and four biological fungicides were used for testing field control effect.Using SPSS20.0 software to fit and analyze investigation data of the three varieties,the logistic model of disease dynamics was established.Deduced by the logistic model of grape downy mildew,the exponential phase was from early-July to early-August,the Logistic phase was from late-July to late-August,and the degenerating phase was from late-August to the end of grape growing season,and the epidemic period of different cultivars was slightly different.The results of field control effect showed that chemical fungicide 10%Oxathiapiprolin diluted 2500 times and 2000 times had high efficacy,and the control effect was 87.43%and 87.37%,respectively.The control effect of Pythium oligandrum diluted 4000 times was 78.15%.Among the chemical fungicides,23.4%Mandipropamid SC,200 g/L Amisulbrom SC,50%Dimethomorph WP and 80%Bordeaux mixture,the control effect of each concentration treatment was over 80%.Among the biological fungicides,the control effect of 10%Ningnanmycin and 3%Amino oligosaccharide was over 60%,and that of 2%Wuyiencin diluted 250 times was over 60%,too.According to the calculation of EIL based on the economic threshold model,when the control effect on grape downy mildew was 87%,the economic injury level was 3.34%,and the economic threshold was 4.08,that is,to start the spraying when the disease index is 4.08,the control effect is the best.
作者
白玉娇
马贵龙
BAI Yujiao;MA Guilong(College of Plant Protection,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Shuangyang Agro-tech Extension Station of Changchun City,Changchun 130600,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期286-292,共7页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201606)
关键词
葡萄霜霉病
病害流行
动态模型
药剂防治
防治指标
grape downy mildew
epidemic of disease
dynamic model
chemical control
control index
