摘要
为了解人们在商业步行街上的注意力分布情况,理解街道体验相关的视觉认知过程,本研究选择上海市南京路步行街作为实验场地,采用头戴式眼动仪探究参与者自然状态下行走时的注意力关注点,同时结合目的地选择、兴趣点拍照、深度访谈多种实验任务,以激发参与者真实的行为决策。研究采用自动语义分割与人工识别结合的方法,分析并统计各环境要素的眼动兴趣区注视情况,并引入“信息密度”这一眼动新指标(即主观注视比例与客观画面面积占比的比值),以反映环境要素或区域对注意力的吸引程度。研究结果显示,环境要素的信息密度具有差异:外挂店招、建筑入口空间、品牌标识和电子屏幕的信息密度最高,其次是绿化和人群,建筑立面、天空和地面最低。通过对以外挂店招为代表的高信息密度环境要素进行系统性设计,有助于塑造特色鲜明的街道景观体验。此外,研究结果显示,当环境体验与个人经历相关并被赋予情感价值时,容易导致正向的认知判断结果,促进环境吸引力的形成。
To understand the attention distribution and visual cognition in streets,this study conducted an experiment on Nanjing Road Pedestrian Mall(Street) using Head-mounted eye-trackers.Participants’ attention distribution were analyzed via Area Of Interest(AOI) during real-life walking scenarios,combining with several experiment tasks(i.e.,destination selection,point-of-interest photography,and in-depth interviews),to capture participants’ naturalistic decision-making.The study combined automaticsemantic segmentation with manual audit to code participants’ attention fixation duration and proportion by AOIs.A new indicator “information density,” which is the ratio of the attention percentage to the exposure percentage of a given environmental element,was introduced to describe the efficiency of environmental elements on attracting attentions.Findings revealed information density varies across environmental elements:higher information density was found in sign,building entrance,brand name,and poster;the lower was found in building,sky,and ground;while tree and person fell in between.Findings hence suggest environmental elements of higher information density(such as business signs) should be systematically designed to enhance desired experiences.Findings also indicated that personalized experiences are more likely to induce positive associations about environment which eventually lead to place attachment.
作者
陈奕言
陈筝
杜明
田乐(译)
汪默英(译)
顾芗(译)
CHEN Yiyan;CHEN Zheng;DU Ming;Tina TIAN;WANG Moying;GU Xiang(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology and Energy-saving Study of Dense Habitat(Ministry of Education),Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Tongji Architectural Design(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200092,China;不详)
出处
《景观设计学（中英文）》
CSCD
2022年第2期52-70,共19页
Landscape Architecture Frontiers
基金
国家自然科学基金“基于实景体验计算的城市街道景观风貌精准修补”(编号:51878461)
关键词
街道景观风貌
南京路步行街
景观体验
头戴式眼动仪
实景实验
空间认知
环境吸引力
Street Landscape
Nanjing Road Pedestrian Mall(Street)
Landscape Experience
Head-mounted Eye-tracker
In-situ Environmental Experience
Spatial Perception
Environmental Attractiveness
