摘要
《中华人民共和国民法典》第1198条第2款、第1201条确立了补充责任制度。由于补充责任为我国首创,学界讨论激烈,争议较大。本文以学校的补充责任为题,从解释论和判例上对有争议的问题做一探讨,提出以下观点:学校的安全保障义务是法定义务,未尽安全保障义务的不作为是侵权行为;补充责任应界定在第三人故意、学校过失的场合,学校和第三人均有过失时应依按份责任处理;相应的补充责任=与自己过错相应的责任+替第三人承担的责任;替第三人赔偿的责任可以向第三人追偿;在校学生不属于第三人,校内学生之间的人身侵害,学校与行为人按份承担责任。
Article 1198th,paragraph 2nd,and 1201st of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China establishes the supplementary liability system.Because the supplementary responsibility is first proposed by our country,the academic discussion is fierce and the controversy is great.Taking the school supplementary responsibility as the topic,this paper probes into the controversial issues from the explanatory theory and the case,and puts forward the following points:the safety and security obligation of the school is the legal obligation,and the omission of the failure to do the safety guarantee is the tort;the liability for compensation should be defined in the case of intentional school negligence of the third party,when the school and the third person are negligent,they should be treated according to the responsibilities;the corresponding supplementary liability=the liability corresponding to their own fault+the liability for the third party;the liability for compensation on behalf of the third party may be recovered from the third person;the school student is not a third person,the student in the school shall be responsible for the person.
出处
《中国教育法制评论》
2020年第1期153-167,共15页
Chinese Educational Law Review
关键词
学校
补充责任
安全保障义务
追偿权
第三人
school
supplementary responsibility
safety and security obligations
right of recourse
third person
