试析拜占庭皇帝朱利安复兴多神教的举措和影响被引量：1

An Analysis of The Methods and Influences of the Byzantine Emperor Julian’s Religious Policies on Reviving Paganism

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摘要宗教是统治者控制社会的一种有效手段。①多神教(又称异教)在很长一段时期内是罗马帝国统治者建立和巩固政权的工具之一。拜占庭帝国建立初期境内的多神教与基督教呈并存态势。一方面,新帝国与基督教之间尚未建立起牢固的同盟关系,②君士坦丁大帝(Constantine I The Great,272-337)及其子既支持基督教发展又承担着多神教大祭司职能。另一方面,这两任皇帝均在实行宗教宽容政策的同时支持基督教,基督教在二人治下发展迅猛。两种宗教并存局面给后世统治者留下难题:如果多神教和一神教无法共存. While the two previous Emperors of the Constantine Dynasty of the Byzantine Empire supported the development of Christianity,in 361 AD Emperor Julian decided to lead a religious reformation to restore the dominance of Paganism.From the position of a modern scholar,this paper collates and analyses relevant documents to show how,in a short period of time,Julian revived paganism,and how the pagan revival led by Julian heightened tensions between Christianity and Paganism.The failure of the pagan revival made clear the scale of the incompatibility between Paganism and the new Empire.In the long run,the pagan revival led by Julian may have accelerated the retreat of Paganism from the stage of history and the Christianization of the Byzantine Empire.

作者张娓 ZHANG Wei(Department of History,Fudan University)

机构地区复旦大学历史学系

出处《基督教文化学刊》 2021年第1期220-241,共22页 Journal for the Study of Christian Culture

基金 2019年度国家社科基金重点项目《晚期罗马帝国与周边“蛮族”关系研究》(项目号:19ASS002)的研究成果

关键词 Byzantine Empire Julian the Emperor PAGANISM CHRISTIANITY Byzantine Empire Julian the Emperor Paganism Christianity

分类号 B978 [哲学宗教—宗教学]

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