摘要
語言因時地的變遷而産生差異,文字往往隨之作出適應性調整,字組■、嗤、咍即屬此例。■爲曉母之部字,受上古第一次腭化運動影響,在後墊成分j的影響下變爲章組昌母字。爲適應腭化音變,初假蚩爲■,後造嗤字。在蚩、嗤對■的用字替换關係上,存在明顯的時間層次,初唐以蚩爲正體,以嗤爲俗體,中唐以後以嗤爲正體,以蚩爲俗體。■、嗤音近義同,古今有别,屬因語音演變而産生的古今變易字。咍古本《説文》不録,初見於楚地,亦爲曉母之部字,與■同音同義,屬南北方言用字差異而産生的方言變易字,其元音分化符合中古長高元音複音化的一般演變規律。■、嘻音同義殊,不存在同源關係,更不應視爲異體關係。
Chi(■)was a character of Xiao consonant(曉母)Zhi rhyme(之部)word,Under the influence of following component,the initial consonant changed to a character of Zhangzu(章組)Chang consonant(昌母),To adapt to palatalization,it interchanged chi(蚩)as chi(■)and then created the character chi(嗤),the Fanqie(反切)in dictionaries of rhymes of chi(■),chi(蚩)and chi(嗤)are quite different.In the sense of sneering,in the early Tang Dynasty,chi(蚩)was the standard form and chi(嗤)was nonstandard form.After the Middle Tang Dynasty chi(嗤)was the standard form and chi(蚩)was nonstandard form.In the framework of Zhang Huang homologous character theory,chi(■)and chi(嗤)’s sound are close,the meaning are the same,and the times are different,which are belonged to ancient and modern variational congate words;hai(咍)appeared in Chu(楚地)at first which was homonym with chi(■),it belongs to dialect variational congate words which are derived from differences of dialects.
出处
《汉语史学报》
2021年第1期259-264,共6页
Journal of Chinese Language History
基金
河南省教師教育改革項目“中文師範生的漢字PCK框架建構研究”(項目編號:2017-JSJYYB-018)的階段性成果
关键词
變易字
■
嗤
咍
嘻
Mutation
chi(■)
chi(嗤)
chi(咍)
xi(嘻)
