摘要
就保证金账户质押的法律性质而言,学说上以特殊动产质押说和债权质押说为主流。基于存款人债权说的立场,可以将保证金账户质押认定为存款债权质押。保证金账户质押设立要件包括设立质押的合意、账户移交质权人控制、特定化。就保证金账户质押的优先受偿效力来看,直接扣划账户内资金不违反流质契约禁令。在满足一定条件的情况下,首封法院的查封财产可以移送至优先债权执行法院。保证金账户质权能否对抗第三人的执行措施,需区分执行措施的性质而论。对暂时限制处分的强制措施,应区分其是否影响质权人利益实现而论,但质权人可对抗会直接引起物权变动的强制措施。在程序选择上,质权人应选择案外人执行异议而非利害关系人异议。
In terms of the legal nature of margin account pledge,the theories of special movable property pledge and debt pledge are the mainstream.Based on the position of the depositor’s claim theory,the pledge of margin accounts can be recognized as a pledge of deposit claims.The requirements for establishing a deposit account pledge include agreement to establish the pledge,transfer of account control to the pledgee,and specialization.From the perspective of the priority repayment effect of the deposit account pledge,directly deducting funds from the account does not violate the prohibition of the liquidity contract.Under certain conditions,the seized property of the first court can be transferred to the priority creditor’s rights enforcement court.Whether the pledge of the margin account can resist the enforcement measures of third parties depends on the nature of the enforcement measures.For compulsory measures that temporarily restrict disposal,it should be distinguished whether they affect the realization of the interests of the pledgee,but the pledgee can resist compulsory measures that directly cause changes in property rights.In terms of procedural selection,the pledgee should choose an outsider to execute the objection rather than an interested party’s objection.
作者
张良
李育泽
Zhang Liang;Li Yuze(Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046)
出处
《河南司法警官职业学院学报》
2023年第4期66-75,共10页
Journal of Henan Judicial Police Vocational College
关键词
保证金账户
质押
特定化
控制
执行异议
margin account
pledge
specialization
control
opposition to execution
