摘要
我国当前高等教育类型结构呈陡峭的金字塔形:一是底部沉重,高职院校无论机构还是毕业生的数量都占比过大;二是顶部陡峭,以“双一流”建设高校为代表的研究型大学无论机构还是毕业生的数量都占比过小。该类型结构不能满足中国式现代化进程中经济社会发展需求。美国高等教育类型结构在发展中曾经历一个精英性快速减弱但随着普及化的深入又增强从而达到均衡的过程。我国高等教育类型结构自大众化以来精英性快速下降,亟须通过扩大“双一流”建设高校数量和学生规模、扩大本科高校的比重来优化结构,实现高等教育类型结构的重心上移,建立起适应中国式现代化进程的普及化高等教育类型结构。
The current stratification structure of higher education in China is in a shape of steep pyramid.There’s a heavy bottom where higher vocational colleges are over-proportional and a steep top where the proportion of research universities is too small.The balanced stratification structure of American higher education has gone through a process in which its eliteness had decreased rapidly and then risen with the universalization.Since the eliteness has quickly dropped in the massification,China is in need to enlarge the proportions of double-world class universities and four-year colleges so as to build up a universal-stage stratification structure of higher education in Chinese path to modernization.
作者
胡娟
陈嘉雨
HU Juan;CHEN Jia-yu(School of Education,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《高等教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第11期33-43,共11页
Journal of Higher Education
基金
中国人民大学中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项
关键词
高等教育结构
高等教育类型结构
中国式现代化
普及化高等教育
higher education structure
stratification structure of higher education
Chinese path to modernization
universal higher education
