摘要
对于人工智能能否成为刑法上的独立主体,刑法理论上存在着肯定论与否定论的激烈争论。技术和规范伦理是决定人工智能刑法主体价值的事实和规范要素。现代刑法上的主体是具有自主意识的行为与责任主体,按照现代刑法的主体标准,人工智能不具有独立的刑法主体价值。现代刑法正向预防刑法转型,并以预防为主要导向,未来刑法主体是具有适用刑罚、保安措施必要的责任主体。人工智能作为社会防卫对象的责任主体,将具有独立的刑法主体价值。当前我国应重视人工智能对人的刑事责任减免问题,重视完善新型人工智能犯罪的刑法立法。
Whether artificial intelligence can become an independent subject in criminal law,there is a fierce debate between positive and negative theory in criminal law theory.Technology and normative ethics are the factual and normative elements that determine the value of AI criminal law subjects.The subject of modern criminal law is the subject of behavior and responsibility with self-consciousness.According to the subject standard of modern criminal law,artificial intelligence does not have an independent criminal law subject value.Modern criminal law is transforming into preventive criminal law,and taking prevention as the main orientation.In the furture,the subject of criminal law will be the subject of responsibility for the application of penalties and security measuros.As the main body of responsibility for social defense objects,artificial intelligence will have an independent criminal law subject value.At present,my country should pay attention to the reduction and exemption of criminal responsibility of artificial intelligence for human beings,and attach importance to improving the criminal law legislation of new artificial intelligence crimes.
作者
赵秉志
袁彬
ZHAO Bing-zhi;YUAN Bin(College for Criminal Law Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期2-14,共13页
Hebei Law Science
关键词
人工智能
行为主体
人机关系
社会防卫
刑法价值
artificial intelligence
behavior subject
human-machine relationship
social defense
value of criminal law
