摘要
在疫情防控背景下,完善应急志愿服务制度建设立法有其重要性和必要性。现阶段我国应急志愿服务立法呈现出滞后和分散的特点,亟须重点修法,规范应急志愿服务。俄罗斯的志愿服务立法历史悠久,依托于此,应急志愿服务法制及配套制度也发展得较为成熟。其主要特点是由专门的部门指导文件规范应急志愿活动;活动程序规定明确;紧急状态部与志愿服务组织双轨领导;志愿服务协议为志愿者提供保障。我国应当结合志愿者管理现状及已有实践经验,取俄罗斯立法中可借鉴之处,在志愿者招募制度、组织领导和协作制度、志愿者保障制度、志愿者法律地位和条件认定等方面加强立法,重思志愿服务立法理念、立法思路和立法体系,从而寻得一条完善我国应急志愿服务立法,推进中国特色志愿服务事业的合理路径。
In the context of 2020 COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control,it is important and necessary to improve the legislation of emergency voluntary service.At present,the legislation of emergency voluntary service in China is lagging behind and scattered,so urgent to focus on amending the law to regulate emergency voluntary service.Russia has a long history of voluntary service legislation,based on which the legal system and supporting system of emergency voluntary service have been developed more mature.The main feature of the legislation is a special departmental guiding document regulating emergency voluntary activities;clear regulations on activity procedures;dual-track leadership of the Ministry of Emergency and voluntary service organizations;and the voluntary service agreement provides protection for volunteers.China should take into account the current situation of volunteer management and the existing practical experience,and take what can be learned from the Russian legislation.We should strengthen the legislation in volunteer recruitment systems,organizational leadership and collaboration systems,volunteer protection systems,legal status and conditions of volunteers,pay attention to the concept of voluntary service legislation,legislative ideas,and legislative systems,so as to find a reasonable path to improve the emergency voluntary service legislation in China and promote the voluntary services with Chinese characteristics.
出处
《中国志愿服务研究》
2021年第4期170-196,202,共28页
The Chinese Journal of Volunteering
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“紧急状态的类型化和立法研究”(项目编号:20&ZD175)
黑龙江大学研究生创新科研项目“俄罗斯联邦主体立法权研究”(项目编号:YJSCX2021-001HLJU)
