摘要
通过花序套袋标记-定期解剖观察法探究细叶榕花和花序的发育特点,结果表明:(1)细叶榕花序发育可分为4个阶段:柱头面的乳状突起,可作为雌花发育进入雌花期的形态标志特征;(2)雌前期(第1天)已发现雌、雄花原基均已发生分化,雌、雄花可通过形态辨别;雌花的快速生长期在雌花期(第7—13天),而雄花快速生长期在雌花期和末花期前段(第6—20天),雄花进入快速生长期的时间略早于雌花,增长幅度小但持续时间长,由此可见造成雄花迟熟的原因并非雄花延迟发育,而是雄花的发育期比雌花长;(3)细叶榕雌花期未进蜂的花序果并非立即掉落,在末花期的落果率仅2.47%,而枯萎期落果率为80.86%.研究结果为进一步探明细叶榕繁殖物候、揭示榕-蜂共生机制提供了理论依据.
Using the method of syconia bag marker-periodic dissection observation to explore the development of flowers and syconia in Ficus microcarpa Linn.f.,the results showed that(1)The development of the syconia of F.microcarpa could be divided into four phases:The papillae on the stigma could be regarded as morphological markers of female flower development into female flowering phase.(2)In the pre-female flowering phase(1 d),the female and male flowers primordium were differentiated,and the female and male flowers were distinguished by their morphology.The female flowers developed rapidly in the female phase(7—13 d),while the male flowers developed rapidly from the female phase to the early part of the terminal flower phase(6—20 d).The male flowers entered the period of rapid growth slightly earlier than the female flowers,featuring a slow but long growth.Therefore,the reason of delayed maturation of male flowers is not delayed development but longer development period of male flowers than that of female flowers.(3)The female phase syconia in the absence of pollination would not fall off immediately.The syconia drop rate was only 2.47%at the terminal flower phase and 80.86%at the perish phase.The results of this study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the reproductive phenology of Ficus microcarpa Linn.f.and revealing the symbiotic mechanism of Fig-wasp.
作者
张宇豪
陈友铃
吴文珊
陈小贞
李璇
ZHANG Yuhao;CHEN Youling;WU Wenshan;CHEN Xiaozhen;LI Xuan(College of Life Sciences,Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,China)
出处
《福建师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2021年第4期55-59,68,共6页
Journal of Fujian Normal University：Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31670431)
福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01179)
关键词
细叶榕
雌雄异熟
雌花期
Ficus microcarpa Linn.f.
dichogamy
female phase
