摘要
洱海为典型的高原湖泊,处于由中营养向富营养转型的关键时期。为了研究处于生态过渡期洱海浮游植物群落结构演替规律及其与环境因子的关系,该研究于2016年对洱海进行了逐月监测。共检出浮游植物173种,隶属8门68属,其中绿藻门89种,占51.45%,为绝对优势门类;硅藻门32种,占18.50%;蓝藻门30种,占17.34%。主要优势属为微囊藻属(Microcystis)、脆杆藻属(Fragilaria)、直链藻属(Melosira)。浮游植物的丰度时间分布表现为双峰型,分别于9月和11月出现峰值(5.56×10^(6)cells/L)和次高值(4.01×10^(6)cells/L),其中蓝藻占绝对优势,相对丰度为72.35%。而藻类生物量变化主要取决于硅藻,相对生物量为37.83%,时间分布也表现为双峰型,最高值和次高值分别出现在5月(1.89 mg/L)和9月(1.21 mg/L)。相关和典范对应分析结果表明,电导率、水温、溶解氧对洱海浮游植物群落结构影响最为显著,其次为pH、总磷和总氮。其中,水温是引起浮游植物群落结构变化的主要因子,而磷是影响浮游植物生长的主要营养元素。蓝藻与单一环境因子线性关系较弱,其丰度时空变化表现为多因子综合调控特点。以生物多样性指数评价,洱海1-10月份为清洁-寡污型~β-中污型,11、12月为α-中污型。
Erhai Lake, as a typical plateau lake, is in a critical period of transition from mesotrophic to eutrophic. Field sampling was carried out in Erhai Lake monthly in 2016 to study the relationship between the phytoplankton community structure with environmental factors. A total of 173 species of phytoplankton were identified, belonging to 8 phyla and 68 genera.Among them, 89 were members of Chlorophyta, 32 Bacillariophyta, and 30 Cyanophyta, accounting for 51.45%, 18.50%, and 17.34% of the total phytoplankton species, respectively. The dominant genera were Microcystis, Fragilaria and Melosira. The time distribution of phytoplankton abundance showed a bimodal, the highest peak(5.56×10^(6) cells/L) and the second highest value(4.01×10^(6) cells/L) were occurred in September and November, respectively. The phytoplankton abundance was dominated by Cyanophyta with a relative abundance of 72.35%. In contrast, the phytoplankton biomass was dominated mainly by Bacillariophyta with a relative biomass of 37.83%. Its time distribution pattern also showed bimodal with the highest and the second highest peak value appeared in May(1.89 mg/L) and September(1.21 mg/L), respectively. The results of correlation and canonical correspondence analysis indicated that conductivity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, as well as pH, total phosphorus and total nitrogen were the key factors controlling the phytoplankton community structure in Erhai Lake. Among them, water temperature played a key role in regulating the seasonal change of phytoplankton community structure. As for phosphorus, it had a great influence on the growth of phytoplankton. The linear relationship between Cyanophyta and single environmental factor was weak, therefore, temporal and spatial abundance changes of Cyanophyta were comprehensively regulated by multi-factor. Based on the evaluation of biodiversity index, Erhai Lake was in a state of clean-oligo pollution~β-medium pollution from January to October, and α-medium pollution type in November and December.
作者
杨洪允
周雯
乔永民
秦云霞
陈瑞
郭佳
YANG Hongyun;ZHOU Wen;QIAO Yongmin;QIN Yunxia;CHEN Rui;GUO Jia(College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;South China Environment Science Institute,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510655,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第7期123-132,共10页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家重大科技专项(2013ZX07105-005-02)
关键词
洱海
浮游植物
群落结构
典范对应分析
环境因子
Erhai Lake
phytoplankton
community structure
canonical correspondence analysis
environmental factors
