摘要
文章通过湖南镉砷复合污染矿区筛选的具有高生物量、高富集量、高利用价值的10种"三高"富集植物进行大田对比试验,拟确定其修复效果,为湖南镉砷复合污染植物修复技术提供支撑。结果表明,不同富集植物的生物量,镉(Cd)、砷(As)含量及积累量皆差异显著。籽粒苋和秋葵可作为Cd污染土壤的修复植物,其Cd含量分别为东南景天的11.0%(P<0.05)和15.4%(P<0.05),但积累量分别比景天高133.3%(P<0.05)、131.3%(P<0.05);地肤和水稻Cd含量略低于籽粒苋和秋葵,其Cd积累量与景天相当;但所有植物As含量远低于蜈蚣草,As积累总量也较低,皆不适合作为As污染土壤的修复植物。从修复成本上看,人力成本平均占植物修复成本的81.7%,不同植物修复成本差异主要发生在除草和秸秆离田的人力成本和种子种苗的生产资料成本上。可见,筛选"三高"富集植物是植物修复的关键环节,而采用种植技术成熟、种子繁殖且生长快的富集植物则是降低植物修复成本的关键;籽粒苋和秋葵可作为Cd污染土壤的修复植物,地肤和水稻也可选择性的作为Cd污染土壤的修复植物。
Through the field comparative test of 10 species of"three high"hyperaccumulators with high biomass,high enrichment removal effect and high economic benefit screened from the cadmium-arsenic combined pollution mining area in Hunan Province,to determine their restoration effect and provide support for phytoremediation technology of cadmium-arsenic compound pollution in Hunan Province.The results showed that the contents and accumulation of cadmium(Cd)and arsenic(As)were significantly different in different enriched plants.Grain amaranth and okra can be used as remediation plants in Cd contaminated soil.The content of Cd in sedum was 11.0%(P<0.05)and 15.4%(P<0.05),respectively,but the accumulation was 133.3%(P<0.05)and 131.3%(P<0.05)higher than that in sedum.The Cd content of ground skin and rice was slightly lower than that of seed amaranth and okra,the amount of Cd accumulation was equivalent to that of sedum.However,the content of As in all plants was far lower than that of Pteris vittata,and the total amount of As accumulation was also lower,so they were not suitable to be used for phytoremediation of As-contaminated soil.From the perspective of restoration cost,labor cost accounted for 81.7%of the phytoremediation cost on average.The difference of different phytoremediation costs mainly occurred in the labor cost of weeding and off-field straw and the production cost of seeds and seedlings.It can be seen that the selection of"three high"enrichment plants was the key link of phytoremediation,while the adoption of enrichment plants with mature planting technology,seed propagation and grow rapidly was the key to reduce the cost of phytoremediation.Grain amaranth and okra can be used as remediation plants in Cd contaminated soil,and ground skin and rice can also be used selectively as remediation plants in Cd contaminated soil.
作者
谢运河
纪雄辉
吴家梅
柳赛花
潘淑芳
易红伟
XIE Yunhe;JI Xionghui;WU Jiamei;LIU Saihua;PAN Shufang;YI Hongwei(Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology/Key Lab of Prevention,Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Hunan Province/Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agri-Environment in the Midstream of Yangtze River Plain,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Shuanghong Agricultural Ecological Engineering Limited Company,Changsha 410006,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第S01期116-121,共6页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0800705)
湖南省科技计划项目(2017NK2142)
长沙市科技计划项目(kq1804016)
湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目(2018ZD02-3,2017JC57)
关键词
重金属
富集植物
修复成本
镉
砷
heavy metals
hyperaccumulators
restoration cost
cadmium
arsenic
