摘要
为了解底泥疏浚工程造成的河流水质和水环境变化,该研究对2017-2018年间巢湖流域双桥河底泥疏浚过程中轮虫种类、密度、生物量及其与水环境因子之间的关系进行了分析。研究结果发现:双桥河底泥疏浚后,水质显著提高,双桥河的氮(N)、磷(P)营养盐含量都有了明显的下降,分别降低48.06%和18.18%,轮虫密度在底泥疏浚后有显著的下降,轮虫的生物量和多样性指数有所上升,Margalef丰富度指数从底泥疏浚前的2.64上升到底泥疏浚后3.62;Shannon—Wiener多样性指数从底泥疏浚前的1.55上升到疏浚后的1.62。将轮虫的密度与水环境因子进行Pearson相关性分析发现,吮吸性轮虫与铵态氮、硝态氮呈现显著正相关(P<0.05),与可溶性磷呈现显著负相关(P<0.05);掠食性轮虫与温度、铵态氮、硝态氮呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01),与可溶性氮、总氮呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与可溶性磷呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。双桥河轮虫相互关系中滤食性轮虫与捕食性轮虫呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01),吮吸性轮虫与掠食性轮虫呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01)。研究表明了底泥疏浚工程在削减河流N、P营养盐,提升水质的同时,会造成轮虫群落中滤食性轮虫、捕食性轮虫密度上升,掠食性轮虫、吮吸性轮虫密度下降,而不同食性轮虫的密度变化可以作为水质评价和水生态系统安全的一个重要指标,可以很好的反映浮游植物以及环境质量的变化。研究表明不同食性轮虫密度变化可以标记底泥疏浚工程对河流水质和水生态系统的影响变化。
In order to research the changes in water quality and water environment caused by sediment dredging,the species,density,biomass of rotifers and their relationship with water environment factors during sediment dredging in Shuangqiao River of Chaohu basin were analyzed from 2017 to 2018.The results indicated that the sediment dredging would greatly improve the water quality and reduce the content of nutrients in the River,the concentrations of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)decrease by 48.06%and 18.18%respectively.The density of rotifers decreased,the biomass and diversity index of rotifers increased significantly after sediment dredging.The Margalef richness index increased from 2.64 before dredging to 3.62 after dredging;the Shannon—Wiener diversity index increased from 1.55 before dredging to 1.62 after dredging.Pearson correlation analysis of rotifer density and water environment factors showed that there’s a significant positive correlation between sucking rotifers and ammonium or nitrate(P<0.05),and significant negative correlation with soluble phosphorus(P<0.05).The predatory rotifers were positively correlated with temperature,ammonium and nitrate(P<0.01),positively correlated with soluble nitrogen and total nitrogen(P<0.05),while negatively correlated with soluble phosphorus(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between filter-feeding rotifers and predatory rotifers(P<0.01),while there was a significant positive correlation between sucking rotifers and predatory rotifers(P<0.01).This study showed that the sediment dredging project would reduce the content of nutrients and improve the water quality in the River.The density of sedimentators and predators increased,while the density of raptors and suckers decreased,and the changes of different rotifers groups may reflect the improvement of water quality and the safety of water ecosystem.The research of rotifers groups would benefit for the control of phytoplankton’s biomass and the improvement of water quality.The results showed that the research of functional groups of rotifers may play an important role for the effects of dredging on the water quality and water ecosystem of river.
作者
卫向东
郭匿春
丁瑞睿
李静
WEI Xiangdong;GUO Nichun;DING Ruirui;Li Jing(School of Resource and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Fisheries Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期190-197,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
中科院南京地湖所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(2014SKL008)
水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室开放课题(AHSC20190202)
关键词
双桥河
底泥疏浚
多样性指数
轮虫群落结构
水环境因子
Shuangqiao River
sediment dredging
diversity index
rotifer community structure
water environmental factors
